Materials Literature
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Oxygen vacancies and their effects on electrical conduction in some metal oxides were considered through an exact solution of the equilibrium relations between oxygen partial pressure in the ambient gas and concentrations of oxygen vacancies and conduction electrons in the oxide. The mass-action law was assumed but no…
Magnetic resonances and susceptibilities are calculated for various allowed magnetic structures in orthoferrites and similar magnetic perovskites. The calculation is based on a general form for the free energy which includes canting contributions from both single-ion anisotropy and antisymmetric exchange, and which as…
In this paper the dispersion relation for second sound in solids is derived. The starting point of the analysis is a Boltzmann equation for a phonon gas undergoing a temperature perturbation $\ensuremath{\delta}{T}_{0}{e}^{i(\mathbf{k}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathbf{x}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\omega…
Abstract Some molecular complexes of the salt type have been prepared from phenazinium chloride or methosulfate and pyrene or p-hydroquinone. It has been confirmed that (1) the constitution, the color and the melting point of the molecular complexes varied with the drying conditions; (2) the ultraviolet absorption spe…
Abstract The density of polyethylene produced by free‐radical‐initiated batch polymerization at elevated pressures and temperatures was found to be determined by the amount of short‐chain branching and the molecular weight. The short‐chain branching was shown to depend solely upon the pressure and temperature of polym…
Magnetization measurements on single crystals of gadolinium yield a Curie temperature of 290±1°K, determined by a plot of M2 vs H/M. Measurements of magnetization vs applied field extrapolated to zero field show appreciable magnetic order above this temperature. X-ray lattice parameter measurements on the same crystal…
Isothermal transformation kinetics are described for four uranium-base alloys: U--8 Mo, U--10 Mo, U--8 Mo-1/2 Ti, and U-- 8 Mo-- 1 Ti. The time- temperaturetransformation (TTT) diagrams presented are based on metallographic, dilatometric, microhardness, and x-ray-diffraction data. For the alloys under investigation, t…
Light has been detected from the vaporous cavitation induced in flowing tap water by a fall in pressure as it passed through the constriction of a Venturi tube. The intensity of this light was several orders of magnitude less than that of the corresponding `sonoluminescence', the light emitted from vaporous cavitation…
The composition range for growing tetragonal scheelite-type single crystals, was investigated and located on the ternary diagram Gd2O3–MoO3–Na2O. Single crystals, the largest one weighing more than 1.2 g, and having a composition of R0.5Na0.5MoO4, with R=Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb, were grown by slowly coo…
The hexagonal ferrites, of current interest because of their high-frequency properties, are being studied by single-crystal x-ray methods. A new rhombohedral member of the group, ideally Ba4Zn2Fe52O84, has been identified. The centrosymmetric space group is R3̄m; referred to hexagonal axes, c=153.85 Å, a=5.88 Å, and t…
Measurements were taken at room temperature and at liquid-nitrogen temperature of the magneto-resistance of nickel and nickel-iron alloy thin films. The transverse magnetoresistance data, with current in a [110] direction, of Δρ/ρ0 vs θ, where θ is the angle between the plane of the film and the direction of the magne…
By electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction, the following facts are found. 1) A new tetragonal structure ( a =13.5 Å and c =4.14 Å) exists below a transformation point at about -168°C. 2) This structure changes (at -168°C) to the cubic structure which has already been known, after changing into a transient tetragon…
For the past twenty-five years, a single oriented silicon steel containing 3% silicon has been commercially produced. The crystallographic description of this material is usually given as (110)[001]. It is now generally agreed that this texture occurs because of a preferred type of secondary recrystallization occurrin…
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Gerard Kraus; Swelling of Filler-Reinforced Vulcanizates. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 1 March 1964; 37 (1): 6–13. doi:…
The compounds CaSc 2 O 4 and SrSc 2 O 4 were synthesized by solid‐state reaction of the component oxides at temperatures ranging from 950° to 1400°C. Both calcium and strontium monoscandates are orthorhombic and analogous to CaFe 2 O 4 . Lattice parameters for CaSc 2 O 4 a re a o = 9.461, b o = 11.122, c o = 3.143 and…
The thermal conductivity (λ) of a polycrystalline gadolinium sample, having an electrical resistivity of 2.41 μΩ cm at 4.18°K, has been studied as a function of temperature (T) between 5° and 310°K. The thermal conductivity has a maximum value of 0.333 W cm−1 °K−1 at 16.5°K. Changes in the slope of the λ vs T curve oc…
Mit einem Feldionisations-Massenspektrometer wurden die Ionen registriert, die sich an Spitzen aus W. Pt, Ir bilden, wenn H 2 O-Dampf in die Ionenquelle eingelassen wird. Die Ionenströme setzten oberhalb einer für das jeweilige System charakteristischen Grenzfeldstärke sprunghaft ein (W-Spitze/H 2 O : 20 MV/cm, Ir-Spi…
The mass wear per centimetre M and the friction coefficient μ of metals during abrasion on a relatively rigid hard rough surface are studied experimentally at 1 kg load and a speed of a few centimetres per second. `Smooth-cut' steel files were used as the abrasive surface, cleaned carefully by scratch-brushing rather…
Abstract The thermal dehydrochlorination of PVC has been examined on some samples prepared by fractionation of a commercial PVC, and some other samples obtained by polymerization at different temperatures. The results disagree with the concept of a continuous dehydrochlorination from one side to the other of the chain…
Alkali halide crystals and pressed disks doped with divalent europium were prepared and their absorption and fluorescence spectra measured. There are two broad absorption bands in the ultraviolet, peaking at ~250 and 330 mμ, both due to the transition 4f7→4f65d1, and attributed, after comparison with the absorption sp…