Materials Literature
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A new in situ combined electrochemistry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique using solid polymer electrolytes has been used to characterize electrically conducting films of polypyrrole perchlorate. The technique allows in situ electrochemical oxidation and reduction (doping and undoping) in ultrahigh v…
The first physical-property measurements on laser-quenched amorphous Si are reported. The form of the vibrational spectrum and degree of structural order have been obtained by depolarized-Raman-scattering measurements. A thin layer prepared by 700-psec pulses of 3567-\AA{} radiation is found to have a bond-angle varia…
The effect of x-ray irradiation on the absorption and luminescence spectra of KDP, DKDP, and ADP has been investigated. σ-Polarized absorption bands at 390 and 550 nm are induced by low temperature irradiation in the three crystals. A π-polarized band has also been observed in KDP and DKDP peaked at 510 and 550 nm, re…
A theory describing the double-carrier injection and recombination in thin insulating crystals is developed and applied to the case of current flow in anthracene. The diffusion-free analysis indicates that the scaling J∝V2/d3 holds, even when recombination effects are present for any crystal thickness. The same scalin…
The optical constants of evaporated MgF2 films were determined over the 1050–1600-Å wavelength range from measured transmittance and near-normal incidence reflectance measurements. The complex refractive index was studied as a function of film deposition conditions and correlated with microstructural examinations by t…
A small-angle x-ray diffraction study using synchrotron radiation of paraffins ${\mathrm{C}}_{n}{\mathrm{H}}_{2n+2}$ with $19\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}27$ as a function of the temperature allowed us to characterize the molecular disorders of the rotator phases, associated with longitudinal molecular motions and…
This paper presents a general approach to the calculation of single-particle excitations in insulating crystals, with application to silicon and diamond. The method includes the energy dependence of the self-energy which is evaluated in the Green's-function---screened-Coulomb-interaction ("GW") approximation of Hedin…
In the shape-memory alloy, NiTi:Fe, the martensitic transformation is well separated from the premartensitic (PM) phase and the latter can be studied in detail. X-ray diffraction studies in the PM phase reveal satellites near ${\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{q}}_{I}=\frac{1}{3}(0,\overline{1},1)$ and ${\stackrel{…
Na+, Li+, and K+ ions have been implanted in thermally grown oxides (Tox =1000 °C) of metal-oxide-silicon structures. The mobilities of the Na+ and Li+ ions have been determined by means of the isothermal transient ionic current method in the temperature range 100–300 °C. The K+ mobility has been obtained by means of…
A quantitative theory for the optical properties of crystalline electrochromic materials is introduced. It is based on the double injection model and includes ionized impurity scattering of free electrons. Solar and luminous properties are evaluated versus electron density for doped WO3 films. Our results point to the…
The heat of formation, $\ensuremath{\Delta}H$, of metal hydrides is empirically found to be linearly related to a characteristic energy $\ensuremath{\Delta}E$ of the electronic band structure of the host metal. Independently of the position of the host metal in the Periodic Table (simple metals, noble metals, transiti…
The bonding in hard, hydrogenated, amorphous carbon films ($a$-C:H) prepared by plasma decomposition of benzene was investigated by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. In all asgrown films we find that one-third of the carbon atoms are trigonally bonded and two-thirds of the carbon atoms are tetrahedral…
The electronic structure of the insulating antiferromagnetic transition-metal compounds MnO, FeO, CoO, and NiO, which have been regarded as the prototypes of the concept of a Mott insulator, is discussed with use of energy-band theory based on the local-spin-density treatment of exchange and correlation. It is shown t…
Porous Al 2 O 3 films exhibit interesting humidity-sensitive electrical properties. The authors have found that the conventional electrical equivalent circuit approach to interpret the properties of an Al 2 O 3 humidity sensor is inadequate. This paper discusses the shortcomings of the model and proposes a theory base…
The results of recording of the diode-laser spectrum of GeH4, having a natural distribution of isotopes, within the range 932·4-937·5 cm-1 are presented. Taking into account the Coriolis interaction between (0100) and (0001) vibrational states, the rotational and centrifugal constants are obtained.
Several chemically substituted flavins are investigated in the oxidized and the reduced state by 13C and 15N NMR techniques. The dependence on the polarity of the solvent and on the concentration is studied. In combination with already published results, a semiempirical theory is developed to interpret the chemical sh…
Results are presented which show that lead-iron phosphate glasses are a promising new waste form for the safe immobilization of both high-level defense and high-level commercial radioactive waste. Relative to the borosilicate nuclear waste glasses that are currently the "reference" waste form for the long-term disposa…
The anodic reaction of sulfide ions at graphite electrodes in molten cryolite has been studied by cyclic voltammetry at 1323 K. The anodic reaction is found to proceed via a quasi‐reversible mechanism, i.e. , one in which the current is controlled by both diffusion and charge transfer kinetics The transfer coefficient…
Abstract The kinetics of the crystallization of hiibnerite (MnWO 4 ) and ferberite (FeWO 4 ) was studied by hydrothermally reacting the metal (II)-chlorides and sodium tungstate in a special autoclave at two temperatures (300 °C. 400 °C) and a pressure of 1 kbar. The rates of crystallization were determined by continu…
Abstract The energy of intervalley Jahn‐Teller effect (IVJTE) accompanying the O –C phase transition in (GeTe) 1– x (AgSbTe 2 ) x solid solutions ( x = 0.06) is calculated on the base of a band‐edge structure model of the group IV‐tellurides with T–L splitting in the rhombohedral phase. The heat effect of the transiti…