Materials Literature
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Abstract The polymerization of styrene oxide was carried out at 20°C in chloroform with an acid‐exchanged montmorillonite as acid solid ecocatalyst (Mag‐H + ). The effect of the amount of catalyst, solvent, and concentration of monomer on yield and molecular weight of polymer was studied. A typical reaction product (P…
Single-crystalline dandelion-like β-MnO(2) three-dimensional microstructures have been successfully prepared for the first time via a simple hydrothermal process based on the direct reaction between Mn(NO(3))(2) and H(2)O(2). H(2)O(2) plays an important role in the formation of the dandelion-like morphology. The forma…
Extra capacity: Chemically modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in electrode materials yield highly improved rate capabilities for supercapacitors, accompanied by a simultaneous improvement in energy density. The preferential attack of potassium hydroxide on less-disordered carbon results in the formation of…
Crystals that are likely rhombohedral of Zn-insulin hexamers form in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreases of many mammals. The suggested functions of crystal formation is to protect the insulin from proteases and increase the degree of conversion of soluble proinsulin. To accomplish these ends, crystal growth sh…
A technique has recently been proposed for determining the elastic constant ratio K22∕K11 in nematic liquid crystals [E. P. Raynes, C. V. Brown, and J. F. Strömer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 13 (2003)]. This technique has been applied to five nematic materials that cover a range of K33∕K11 elastic constant ratio values. An…
Relationships between phase morphology and mechanical deformation processes in various electrospun polymer nanocomposite nanofibres (PNCNFs) containing different types of one-, two- and three-dimensional nanofiller have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy using in situ tensile techniques. From the st…
Abstract The influence of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐containing additives on the extrusion behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/polypropylene (UHMWPE/PP) blend was studied. It was found that the addition of small amounts of PEG to UHMWPE/PP blend resulted in significant reduction of die pressure and me…
Second generation diazadibenzoperylene dendrimers (yellow units) undergo supramolecular polymerization with Ag+ ions (green spheres) to afford rigid-rod coordination polymers, as confirmed by atomic force microscopy studies (see image). Such cylindrical coordination polymers constitute a new class of π-conjugated mate…
The kinetics of amorphization in La2Zr2O7 pyrochlore is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Irradiation damage is simulated by continuous accumulation of cation Frenkel pairs at various temperatures. As observed experimentally, La2Zr2O7 first transitions to the fluorite structure, independent of the tem…
Abstract The only shortcoming of PA6‐based nanocomposites is low toughness, which is the same as that of the matrix. This work is focused on optimization of toughening these nanocomposites by introduction of small amounts of finely dispersed elastomers. A comparison of reactively compatibilized and analogous nonreacti…
We use a polarization-modulation technique to investigate the optical anisotropy of multi- and single-wall carbon nanotubes suspended in a variety of solvents under simple shear flow. Measurements of birefringence and dichroism are performed as a function of shear rate, tube concentration, and solvent viscosity. At fi…
An intense blue emission of Eu2+-doped Ba5SiO4Cl6 under vacuum ultraviolet and near-ultraviolet excitation was observed. The material exhibits an emission peak at 440 nm with relative intensity 50% under 147 nm, 90% under 254 nm, 120% under 366 nm, and 220% under 405 nm excitation as compared with the commercial blue…
To describe adsorption of globular protein molecules in a polyelectrolyte brush we use the strong-stretching approximation of the Edwards self-consistent field equation, combined with corrections for a non-Gaussian brush. To describe chemical potentials in this mixture of (globular) species of widely varying sizes (io…
We analyzed extensive literature data on crystal growth rate and viscosity in the temperature range between $1.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{T}_{g}$ (glass transition temperature) and the melting point of silica, ${T}_{m}$. We selected data for one silica glass type, having similar impurity contents, and confirmed that…
In the last decade, an increasing number of sequenced archaeal genomes have become available, opening up the possibility for functional genomic analyses. Here, we reconstructed the central carbon metabolism in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and tricarboxylic aci…
Abstract The preparation of useful fibers from chitosan remains an interesting challenge. Chitosan is easily solubilized in aqueous acids, but these solutions generally have high solution viscosities because of the polyelectrolyte effect. The high viscosity affects the processibility of chitosan during extrusion by we…
Nanomagnets are expected to expand the capabilities of widely established technologies such as data recording and to implement new functionalities of applicability in biosciences. The basis for these potential benefits of nanomagnets is their intrinsic small size and their outstanding properties derived from finite-si…
Ternary alloy CdSSe nanowires and nanoribbons were successfully grown through a one-step thermal evaporation route using Au as a catalyst. The nanostructures obtained are uniform in diameter, and have smooth surfaces. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectra and x-ray diffracti…
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), either on an SiO(2) substrate or suspended above the substrate, were contacted to W, Au and Pt tips using a nanoprobe system, and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were measured inside a scanning electron microscope. Linear I-V curves were obtained when Ohmic contacts were est…
Abstract Poly(lactic acid) fiber was prepared by dry‐jet‐wet spinning of the polymer from chloroform solution and with methanol as the precipitating medium. The as‐spun fiber was subsequently made into high strength fiber by two‐step process of drawing at a temperature of 90°C and subsequent heat setting in the temper…