Materials Literature
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BACKGROUND: Work in leather tanning may involve exposure to a wide range of chemicals. Some of these are carcinogens or suspected carcinogens. Increased risk for a number of cancers have been reported, although there are considerable inconsistencies between studies. The present study investigates the mortality of leat…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Tensile properties of sheet steels at dynamic conditions are becoming more important for automotives in recent years due to the positive strain rate effect of steels which significantly improves energy absorption capability during crash events. However, several testing techniques…
The normal grain growth in volume-conserved two-phase nanocrystalline materials is studied using a modified Potts model, in which the grain boundary migration is driven by the interfacial energy between two phases and the grain boundary energy inside each phase. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the grain growt…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes a lightweight magnesium intensive automobile body structure concept developed at DaimlerChrysler to support a high fuel-efficiency vehicle project. This body structure resulted in more than 40% weight reduction over a conventional steel structure while achievi…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the development of an electrical compressor-driven air conditioning system for automotive applications. The system uses the thermal properties of reversible metal hydride alloys, which are retained within advanced-design hydride heat exchangers. Calculations o…
The Bacillus subtilis AraR transcription factor represses at least 13 genes required for the extracellular degradation of arabinose-containing polysaccharides, transport of arabinose, arabinose oligomers, xylose, and galactose, intracellular degradation of arabinose oligomers, and further catabolism of this sugar. Ara…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Degreening is crucial in obtaining a stable catalyst prior to assessing its performance characteristics. This paper characterizes the light-off behavior and conversion efficiency of a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) during the degreening process. A platinum DOC is degreened for 16…
Composite electrodes are of great interest in the field of solid oxide fuel cells because their use can improve the performance of these cells. However, an important correlation exists between composition, microstructure, and thickness of an electrode and its performance. This correlation has been investigated in this…
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the growth of thin hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films from radical species with thermal energy. It is found that the incorporation of H into the film increases the mass density. The maximum mass density is reached for a H flux of about 10%. The…
We performed molecular dynamics simulation of double walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) oscillators under constant energy and constant temperatures with various commensurations and nanotube lengths. We clarify and resolve questions and differences raised by previous simulation results of similar systems. At constant energ…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A numerical model to simulate the filtration and regeneration performance of catalyzed diesel particulate filters (CPFs) was developed at Michigan Technological University (MTU). The mathematical formulation of the model and some results are described. The model is a single channe…
Abstract Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composed of silk sericin (SS) and poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) were prepared simultaneously. The properties of the resultant IPN hydrogels were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and SEM as well as their swelling behavior at various temperatu…
Ornithine transcarbamylase is a highly conserved enzyme in arginine biosynthesis and the urea cycle. In Xanthomonas campestris, the protein annotated as ornithine transcarbamylase, and encoded by the argF gene, is unable to synthesize citrulline directly from ornithine. We cloned and overexpressed this X. campestris g…
Extended mode-coupling theories for dense fluids predict that nonlinear current-density couplings cut off the singular "ideal glass transition" present in the standard mode-coupling theory where such couplings are ignored. We suggest here that, rather than allowing for activated processes as sometimes supposed, contri…
We recently demonstrated that alloy composition can be used to fine tune the position of the Fermi level in ${\mathrm{Co}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ alloys leading to composition-controlled spin polarization and the ability to engineer high conduction electron spin polarizations of up to 85%…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Passive regeneration (oxidation of particulate matter without using an external energy source) of particulate filters in combination with active regeneration is necessary for low load engine operating conditions. For low load conditions, the exhaust gas temperatures are less than…
The photophysical properties of the ferric catecholate spin-crossover compounds [(TPA)Fe(R-Cat)]X (TPA=tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine; X=PF(6) (-), BPh(4) (-); R-Cat=catecholate dianion substituted by R=NO(2), Cl, or H) are investigated in the solid state. The catecholate-to-iron(III) charge-transfer bands are sensitive b…
In this letter, we report that two-dimensional (2D) polystyrene colloidal crystals of much higher quality can be fabricated in a single-step confined convective assembly process by introducing water-soluble polymer into the colloidal suspension. The presence of the water-soluble polymer in the aqueous phase enables th…
The structure of ${\mathrm{Na}}_{0.5}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, the low-temperature insulator that separates the antiferromagnetic and normal metals in the ${\mathrm{Na}}_{\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ phase diagram, is studied by high-resolution powder neutron diffraction at temperatures between 10 and $…
We present a novel air-bridge subwavelength grating reflector with very high reflectivity to be used as a top mirror in a VCSEL structure. We explain the design method, model the structure using both RCWA and FDTD, and predict the characteristics of a Fabry-Perot structure built with this reflector. We describe the fa…