Materials Literature
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This paper discusses current important problems involved in using commercial ferritic stainless steels. These problems are intergranular attack due to sensitization, embrittlement of the alloy in certain temperature ranges, control of the carbon and nitrogen contents, and carbide stability. Several areas in which futu…
Abstract Active carbon was oxidised in several oxidising solutions and measured for its surface acidity, specific surface area, X‐ray diffraction patterns, ESR spectra and gas adsorption isotherms. The favourable oxidising conditions for acidifying active carbon were speculated. Three kinds of steam activated coconut‐…
The effect of Au nucleation sites, deposition rates, and the film thickness on the crystallinity and electronic properties of evaporated Te films has been investigated. It has been found that to obtain large−grain Te films there exists an optimum conditoin in the coating ratio of Au nucleation sites and the film thick…
Changes of three‐layer clay minerals by native K in holocene loess derived soils of Central Germany and Lower Bavaria . Transformations of the clay minerals illite, vermiculite and smectite were determined in Central German (31 profiles) and Lower Bavarian loess districts (5 profiles) using 31–36 soil properties. To g…
Abstract The colour changes of YAG crystals doped with Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni as well as those doped with Mg or Be are described. The comparison of samples annealed in hydrogen oxygen and argon and exposed to an UV irradiation is given. Yellow or brown colour of YAG crystals is attributed to the O − centre forma…
Abstract
Abstract The study of 28 specially selected compounds containing chlorine shows that 13 C NMR signals of the CCl 3 , CCl 3 CH 2 and CH 2 Cl groups are registered in the ranges of 93 to 105, 49 to 71 and 38 to 59 ppm (from TMS), respectively and are readily identified in 13 C NMR spectra of polychloro compounds. The we…
High-temperature (300–80 K) susceptibility data are reported for polycrystalline samples of the ionic ferromagnets M2CrCl4(M = K, Rb, or Cs) and interpreted using the high-temperature series-expansion method for the quadratic-layer Heisenberg S= 2 ferromagnet to yield estimates of 7·0, 8·5, and 6·5 cm–1 for the neares…
Abstract Grafting of acrylonitrile onto various radiation peroxidized polymers was used as a technique to investigate the peroxidation mechanism. It was found that in polymers such as polypropylene, poly(vinyl chloride), and polystyrene, a chain hydroperoxidation process only occurs above the glass transition temperat…
An ab-initio cluster calculation of the electronic d-states in VO 2 has been made by using the self-consistent statistical exchange multiple scattering method. A VO8-6 octaedron was used to represent the tetragonal phase, and a V2O12-10 cluster with paired vanadium atoms was used for the monoclinic phase. Our results…
[in Japanese]
Un cryostat à hélium liquide a été adapté sur un goniomètre à rayons X afin de permettre la mesure continue des paramètres cristallins de 4 K à 300 K. Une distorsion quadratique (c/a < 1) est mise en évidence dans plusieurs pérovskites fluorées du cobalt ; elle apparaît à 117 K dans KCoF3, 101 K dans RbCoF 3 et 94 K d…
Declination lines separating regions with opposite twist in a twisted structure of a nematic liquid crystal are studied theoretically and experimentally. A particular study is made of magnetic-field induced motions of the disclination lines. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results leads to an estimate of th…
A systematic study has been made of the valence bands and core-level peaks in X-ray photoelectron spectra of the heavy rare-earth metals and their surface oxides. Multiplet structure observed in the 4d levels is reported here. This structure alters on oxidation, and in addition the 4d peaks broaden and exhibit shifts…
This theoretical and experimental investigation deals with the electromechanical response of a shock−loaded ferroelectric ceramic material. Quartz gauge and voltage−mode techniques were used to characterize the mechanical and electrical responses, respectively, of PZT 65/35 to ≈80 kbar. Below ≈20 kbar the wave propaga…
The pyrolysis of isopropanol has been investigated at temperatures in the range 721–801 K and pressures between 10 and 100 Torr, using a KCl-coated silica reaction vessel. Under these conditions the reactions occurring were essentially homogeneous and, for reaction times corresponding to < 30 % conversion, led to the…
HeI and HeII spectra of clean polycrystalline lead are reported and discussed. The oxidation of this polycrystalline lead foil by both ground-state molecular and microwave-excited oxygen has been studied using UPS and XPS techniques in combination in the same apparatus. Work function changes were also measured. The in…
An anisotropic polycrystalline magnet of a Mn‐Al‐C alloy with (BH) max=6 MG⋅Oe has been successfully produced by extrusion at about 700°C. During the study on this ternary alloy system, a ferromagnetic phase (τ‐phase) single crystal was obtained by annealing a high‐temperature phase (ε‐phase) single crystal containing…
Continuous grinding of CaCO3 does not lead to continuous increases in the surface area, but causes it to pass through successive minima and maxima. In spite of its technological significance, this phenomenon has not yet been interpreted.The present work attempts to clarify this problem. We demonstrate that mechanical…
A modification to the vacuum system of a JSM2 scanning electron microscope has enabled hydrated specimens to be placed inside the specimen chamber of the instrument and to be surronded by water vapour at a pressure up to approximately I 3-kPa (10 Torr). The surface topography was observed by detecting the backscattere…