Materials Literature
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The use of ionic liquids (ILs) in the field of cellulose chemistry opens up a broad variety of new opportunities. Besides the regeneration of the biopolymer to fibers, films, and beads, this new class of cellulose solvents is particularly useful for the homogeneous chemical modification of the polysaccharide. In this…
Non-adhesive and water-repellent surfaces are required for many tribological applications. Roughness-induced superhydrophobicity has been suggested as a way to reduce adhesion and stiction. In this paper, the theory of roughness-induced superhydrophobicity is presented. Wetting is studied as a multiscale process invol…
Superhydrophobic surfaces have considerable technological potential for various applications due to their extreme water-repellent properties. When two hydrophilic bodies are brought into contact, any liquid present at the interface forms menisci, which increases adhesion/friction and the magnitude is dependent upon th…
We present a new way of nanoengineering graphene by using defect domains. These regions have ring structures that depart from the usual honeycomb lattice, though each carbon atom still has three nearest neighbors. A set of stable domain structures is identified by using density functional theory, including blisters, r…
Aniline was oxidized with ammonium peroxydisulfate in solutions of strong acid (0.1 M sulfuric acid), weak acid (0.4 M acetic acid), or alkali (0.2 M ammonium hydroxide). The properties of the oxidation products and their morphology are controlled by the initial acidity of the medium and the acidity profile during the…
Surface phases of TiO 2 nanoparticles (30 ∼ 200 nm) were studied by UV Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy with CO and CO 2 as probe molecules. UV Raman spectroscopy can differentiate the surface phase structure of TiO 2 calcined at different temperatures. IR spectra of adsorbed CO and CO 2 on TiO 2 calcined at…
The concept of a charge density wave (CDW), which is induced by Fermi-surface nesting, originated from the Peierls idea of electronic instabilities in purely one-dimensional metals and is now often applied to charge ordering in real low-dimensional materials. The idea is that if Fermi surface contours coincide when sh…
Graphene is only one atom thick, optically transparent, chemically inert, and an excellent conductor. These properties seem to make this material an excellent candidate for applications in various photonic devices that require conducting but transparent thin films. In this letter, we demonstrate liquid crystal devices…
Inorganic molecules (ions) and ligands are classified into diatomic, triatomic, four-atomic, five-atomic, six-atomic, and seven-atomic types, and their normal modes of vibration are illustrated and the corresponding vibrational frequencies are listed for each type. Molecules of other types are grouped into compounds o…
Abstract Heterocyclic fluorophores 5,5‐dibutyl‐9‐dibutylamino‐5 H ‐benzo[ b ]naphtho[1,2‐ d ]furan‐6‐one ( 4 ) and 3,3‐dibutyl‐9‐dibutylamino‐3 H ‐benzo[ kl ]xanthen‐2‐one ( 7 ) with dialkyl substituents linked in a nonconjugated fashion to the chromophore skeleton have been derived from quinol‐type compounds 1 and 2…
A detailed mineralogical study and single-crystal X-ray analysis were carried out on K-Mg osumilite from high temperature pyrometamorphic rocks. These rocks were generated during spontaneous combustion of coal-bearing spoil-heaps in the South Urals, Russia. The osumilite-bearing metapelitic rocks – clinkers – contain…
This research work concerns the hydriding reaction of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mtext>LaNi</mml:mtext><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> during the first hydriding cycles (activation process). Step-by-step sorption isotherms <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/199…
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on a first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian for $\text{Pb}({\text{Sc}}_{1/2}{\text{Nb}}_{1/2}){\text{O}}_{3}$ (PSN) with nearest neighbor Pb-O divacancy pairs. Simulations were performed for PSN with ideal chemical order, chemical short-range order, and random chemic…
In this paper, a water‐based colloidal processing method for manufacturing multilayers with very thin zirconia layers between thick alumina‐based layers is presented. The procedure involves the dip coating of green tapes in binder‐containing slurries and further lamination and sintering. Dipping studies show that thic…
Transparent Ce:YAG (Ce:Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ) and Ce:YSAG (Ce:Y 3 Sc x Al 5− x O 12 ) ceramics have been successfully fabricated using Sc 3+ to substitute for Al 3+ in Ce:YAG. The effect of Sc substitution on the luminescent properties of Ce:YAG has been investigated. At the substitution level of 20 at.% of Sc 3+ for Al 3+ ,…
Imidazolonepropionase (HutI) (imidazolone-5-propanote hydrolase, EC 3.5.2.7) is a member of the amidohydrolase superfamily and catalyzes the conversion of imidazolone-5-propanoate to N-formimino-L-glutamate in the histidine degradation pathway. We have determined the three-dimensional crystal structures of HutI from A…
Abstract The effect of water on block copolymers that contain hydrophilic PEO flexible segments is studied. The polyether phase consisted of either PEO or mixtures of PEO and hydrophobic PTMO, monodisperse crystallisable T6T6T was used as hard segments. Water absorption as a function of relative humidity and PEO conte…
The critical parameters of a first-order magnetization process, ${H}_{\mathrm{cr}}$ and ${m}_{\mathrm{cr}}$, are used to determine the anisotropy constants ${K}_{1}$ and ${K}_{2}$ of ${\mathrm{Tb}}_{2}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{17}$ in the temperature range between 5 and $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. Both anisotropy…
Porous microcapsules formed from polymer-peptide conjugated macromolecules (see figure) are synthesized by the innovative conjunction of microfluidics with block copolymer self-assembly in flow- focusing microchannel. Reversibility of surface nanopores and encapsulation efficiency is investigated in detail.
The exchange interactions underlying the weak ferromagnetism of the prototypical mixed valence compound prussian blue (represented by ${\mathrm{K}}^{+}{\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}[{\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}{(\mathrm{C}\mathrm{N})}_{6}]$) and a ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ substituted analog are investigated within a series of solid-state hybri…