Materials Literature
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The director field of a cholesteric liquid crystal confined to cylindrical cavities with parallel and perpendicular surface anchoring was studied by means of optical polarizing microscopy. The chirality of the liquid crystal could be varied continuously due to a temperature-induced twist inversion of the cholesteric s…
The effect of the magnetization direction m on the dielectric tensor of uniaxial crystals is described by a simple dependence of the gyration vector g(\ensuremath{\omega}) on m. It is shown that the vectors g(\ensuremath{\omega}) and m as well as the orbital magnetic moment 〈L^〉 and m are generally aligned noncollinea…
The structural properties of the metastable fcc Cu-Fe alloys obtained by high-energy ball milling of elemental powders have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The same technique has been used to study the effect of thermal annealing on the alloyed samples. Experimental observations show that in some Cu-…
We have examined a number of symmetric tilt grain boundary structures in diamond, using a transferable tight-binding (TB) carbon potential. Utilizing O(N) tight-binding molecular dynamics, we are able to simulate several thousands of atoms, allowing us to examine low-angle boundaries with large periodicities. The lowe…
This paper reports quantitative measurements of improved water wettability and retention of scoured and bleached cotton fabrics. The water wetting contact angles (CAs) of raw cotton fibers and grey plain weave and satin weave cotton fabrics are 95.3° (±19.4°), 93.9° (±3.3°), and 93.2° (±4.7°), respectively. Improved w…
Auger electron spectroscopy was used to analyze polycrystalline thin-film diamond surfaces following the use of differing methods for the removal of unwanted nondiamond carbon. Exposing the film to a hydrogen plasma at the termination of the growth process is effective for producing a surface that gives an Auger spect…
In the paper we show how to approximate the Voronoi diagram of a finite set of planar points in a chemical processor consisting of an agar-palladium thin layer and potassium iodide liquid diffusing on it. The configuration of a given point set is represented by the spatial distribution of Kl drops and the bisectors of…
A new statistical method for atom location by channelling-enhanced micro-analysis is applied to γ [sbnd] α2 duplex Ti[sbnd]Al based alloys containing ternary element additions of V, Cr, Mn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, La, Hf, Ta and W at the 1 at.% level. Incoherent channelling patterns, formed by the variation in characterist…
The successful sol–gel growth of colossal magnetoresistive La-Ca-Mn-O powder and epitaxial thin film is reported. Homogeneous powders were prepared at a temperature of 315 °C and epitaxial thin films were obtained on MgO(100) and LaAlO3(100) through heat treatment at 700–950 °C. A transition from semiconductor (negati…
In luminescence‐based oxygen sensors the active luminescent species is usually a transition metal complex immobilized in a polymeric matrix—in most cases a ruthenium(II) polypyridine complex. In an attempt to overcome some of the disadvantages of these systems, a polymer‐immobilized iridium(III) complex has been prepa…
The effect of mechanical cycling (four‐point bending) and electrical cycling (ac excitation at the longitudinal resonance frequency) on the degradation of the mechanical properties of PZT‐8 bars was examined. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed microcracks which originated from second‐phase material locate…
We study the dynamics of a simple mechanical system containing a mass and a bar made of shape memory alloys. Our objective is to understand the effect of stress induced phase transtormation on the system dynamics. Specifically, the effectiveness of an idealized vibration isolator made of shape memory alloys is examine…
Supramolecular ferroelectric liquid crystalline complexes have been obtained from 4-alkoxybenzoic acids and optically active trans-4-substituted-4′-stilbazoles. Chiral smectic C phases are induced by the formation of supramolecular mesogenic structure through the selective intermolecular hydrogen bond between the achi…
We have fabricated pliable, porous, biodegradable scaffolds with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) blends using a solvent-casting and particulate-leaching technique. Our study investigated the effects of four different processing parameters on pliability and pore morphology of the bi…
The three-dimensional structure of the manganese-phosphate complex of inorganic pyrophosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been refined to an R factor of 19.0% at 2.4-A resolution. X-ray data were collected from a single crystal using an imaging plate scanner and synchrotron radiation. There is one dimeric mole…
${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CoO}}_{3}$ (LSCO) has recently been found to exhibit large magnetoresistance (MR) effect. In this paper, microstructures of LSCO thin films, which may provide important clues for understanding the unusual MR characteristics in th…
Nonuniform precipitant and impurity incorporation in protein crystals can cause lattice strain and, thus, possibly decrease the X-ray diffraction resolution. To address this issue, a series of crystallization experiments were carried out, in which initial supersaturation, NaCl concentration, protein purity level and c…
Formation of reverse cylindrical micelles of a block copolymer with a long core block is kinetically controlled. The diagram shows the relative energy of the different structures.
As a model compound in the thiaporphyrin series, the perchlorate of the dication 1 is ideal because of its favorable solubility properties. The key step in its synthesis is the acid-induced condensation (not biomimetic!) of 3,4-diethyl-2-hydroxymethylthiophene that affords the tetra- as well as the pentacyclocondensat…
Abstract This article outlines a Monte Carlo approach for simulating crystallization processes both as an alternative to solving the population balance equations (PBE) and as a way of conducting multicoordinate simulations that are too complex to be solved as PBEs. First, simple cases with different combinations of nu…