Materials Literature
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The visible band (band A) of Photoluminescence spectra of high-purity synthesized diamond is analyzed by deconvolution technique. A set of eight lines with distinct peak energy are found. The peak energy and the width of these lines were either constant or varies very slightly with temperature. The amplitude of the li…
Extraordinary Hall effect (EHE) in bilayer F/S(N) was investigated theoretically. The conductivity tensor $σ_{αβ}$ is calculated in the Kubo formalism with Green functions found as the solutions of the Gorkov equations. We considered diffuse transport in the ferromagnetic layer, taking into account as a main mechanism…
The process of Fermi level equilibration in 5 nm ZnO quantum dot−metal nanojunctions has been monitored using changes to both the surface plasmon band of the metal island and the sharp exciton band of the ZnO nanocrystals following photoinduced electron accumulation. In the cases of silver, copper, and gold islands, e…
The Cu ${L}_{3}{M}_{4,5}{M}_{4,5}$ Auger effect from Cu metal resulting from photoexcitation across the Cu ${L}_{3}$ edge has been investigated. We observe that (a) the resonant Auger features (lack of satellites below the ${}^{1}G$ line and narrower linewidths) are noticeably different from those of normal Auger exci…
The photoexcited triplet state of free-base porphycene has been investigated by time-resolved electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy at 10 K. In order to determine whether porphycene is cis or trans configured, experimentally determined Azz hyperfine coupling tensor components are compared with those predicted…
The first environmental data from the Engineering Test Stand (ETS) has been collected. Excellent control of high-mass hydrocarbons has been observed. This control is a result of extensive outgas testing of components and materials, vacuum compatible design of the ETS, careful cleaning of parts and pre-baking of cables…
An accurate photon-correlation spectrometer capable of measuring scattered light at two fixed scattering angles simultaneously in the temperature range from 10 to 120 degrees C is described. For the detection of the correlation function of the scattered light both an original correlator (PhotoCor-SP) with a linear-tim…
As a simple model for single-file diffusion of hard core particles we investigate the one-dimensional symmetric exclusion process. We consider an open semi-infinite system where one end is coupled to an external reservoir of constant density rho(*) and which initially is in a nonequilibrium state with bulk density rho…
Effects of oxygen adsorption on the field emission of carbon nanotubes are studied through first-principles calculations. Calculated emission currents are significantly enhanced when oxygen is adsorbed at the tip and the underlying physics is explained in terms of the change in the electronic structure by oxidation an…
Dynamic light-scattering techniques provide noninvasive probes of diverse media such as colloidal suspensions, granular materials, and foams. Traditional analysis relies on the Gaussian properties of the scattering process found in most experimental situations and uses second-order intensity-correlation functions. Thi…
Sixteen batch experiments were performed to evaluate the stability, kinetics, and metabolic paths of heat-shocked digester (HSD) sludge that transforms microcrystalline cellulose into hydrogen. Highly reproducible kinetic and metabolic data confirmed that HSD sludge could stably convert microcrystalline cellulose to h…
We have investigated the time dependence of the magnetic and transport properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.6}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ films and bulk samples. A significant magnetic aftereffect has been observed in all the samples through magnetization and resistivity measurements. The relaxation effects can…
The hard-sphere disorder-order transition serves as the paradigm for crystallization. We used time-resolved Bragg light scattering from the close-packed planes to measure the kinetics of nucleation and growth of colloidal hard-sphere crystals. The effects of gravity are revealed by comparison of the experiments in mic…
We have investigated the electronic structures of a capped single-walled carbon nanotube under the applied electric field using density functional calculations. The capped tube withstands field strengths up to 2 V/Å. When the electric field is applied along the tube axis, charges are transferred from the occupied leve…
We have found a complete thermoelastic intermartensitic transformation between modulated and unmodulated martensite in single-crystal Ni52Mn24.5Ga23.5. This intermartensitic transformation provides a much larger strain than that of the martensitic transformation. A giant switching-like strain of ±5.0% can be achieved…
Aided by advances in modelling tools and computational power, one is now able to numerically investigate grain and sub-grain heterogeneities in polycrystalline aggregates containing enough grains to form a representative sample of the relevant orientation distribution functions. Materials with multiple ductile phases,…
A tunneling-type magnetoresistance (MR) as large as $158%$ is observed at $T\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}300\mathrm{K}$ in a polycrystalline ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.41}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2.59}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ sample, in which the ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.41}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2.59}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ grains are separa…
Al-doped ZnO thin films have been prepared by the sol-gel technique, on slide-glass substrates. Al(NO 3 ) 3 ·9H 2 O was used as aluminum source and the doping range was 0.001-20 at %. The effect of the Al concentration in solution on the microstructure of the films is presented. The transmittance spectra, as well as t…
Single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) bundles protruding from the SWNT layers on self-aligned Sn apexes were brought to a distance of 30 nm by a scanning tunneling microscope inside a transmission electron microscope. A straight bundle on the tip could be observed in situ in contact electrostatically with a looped bundle…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Diesel engines are major contributors of various types of air polluting exhaust gasses such as Particulate Matter (PM), Carbon monoxide (CO), Oxides of Nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub> ), Sulfur, and other harmful compounds. It has been shown that formation of these air pollut…