Materials Literature
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The possibility that the excess ’’configurational’’ specific heat ΔCp of liquids above the glass transition temperature Tg might contain contributions either from changes in vibrational frequencies with configurational state, from changes in the anharmonicity of vibrations, or from the influence of changes in configur…
Structural phase transitions are considered in which the order parameter is a homogeneous deformation of the crystal. The fluctuations at these transitions are the acoustic modes, and it is shown that an effective Hamiltonian may be constructed describing the homogeneous deformations and their fluctuations. There are…
Surface electronic states associated with defects produced by Ar-ion bombardment of Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ crystals have been studied by ultraviolet-photoemission, electron-energy-loss, and Auger spectroscopy and low-energy-electron diffraction. Evidence is given for three distinct phases dependent upon the extrinsic su…
Using a general formulation we show that by using surface electromagnetic waves in an attenuated-total-reflection prism configuration it should be possible to enhance the intensity of Raman scattering by a thin overlayer on a Ag surface by two orders of magnitude and that the use of surface electromagnetic waves may i…
When calculating the well-known inverse stress dependence of the activation volume, v, from stress relaxation kinetics, the relation vσ* = (10 ± 1) kT is obtained from experiments for both metals and polymers. The stress σ* is either the initial stress σ of the relaxation experiment, in which case v is calculated from…
High resistivity diffusion layers are formed by reoxidation between 380 and 750 °C in reduced BaTiO3 ceramic. The potential distribution is measured with an applied voltage at these samples. In addition, observations with the polarizing microscope, resistance and gravimetric measurements are made. The results show tha…
Coupled-channel calculations of cross sections for quenching of F (2P1/2) by H2(J=0) are carried out over an energy range of 0.135–1.565 kcal/mole. (AIP)
The complexes of deprotonated thiazolidine-2-thione (ttz) with many transition metals have been prepared. Probable structures have been proposed for the complexes on the basis of chemical analysis, spectral data (infrared and visible), and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The ligand field parameters have been eva…
The lattice-dynamical properties of the "quasi-one-dimensional conductor" ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}$Pt${(\mathrm{CN})}_{4}$${\mathrm{Br}}_{0.3}$.3.2 ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$O (KCP) has been studied by neutron inelastic scattering at temperatures between 20 and 240 K with special attention to the relation to the partial three-dimens…
Ferroelastic domain switching behaviour is observed in large and high quality LaNbO 4 and NdNbO 4 single crystals grown by the Czochralski method. The domain walls which are (10\bar2) and (201) twin planes move when a small stress is applied, and return to the initial positions when the stress is removed. This back -…
Thin films of semiconducting n-type cadmium stannate (Cd2SnO4) have been coated onto different substrate materials by rf sputtering. The films are transparent in the visible and near-infrared part of the optical spectrum and electrically conductive. Conductivities as high as 6500 Ω−1 cm−1 have been achieved. Transpare…
Thermoreflectance spectra of semiconducting CdO single crystals at 100\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K with carrier concentrations in the range (2-40) X ${10}^{18}$/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ give 2.28 eV for the direct ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{15}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{1}$ gap. Two indirect gaps are found:…
We have measured the heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the layered material hexagonal pyrolytic boron nitride from 2 to 10 K by a pulse-heating technique. The thermal conductivity has also been determined by a steady-state technique from 1.5 to 350 K. At low temperatures, the heat capacity has a ${T}^{3}$ depe…
The inversion parameter is determined for several samples by ESR. It is shown that MgAl 2 O 4 is partly inverse and that the cation distribution varies markedly from sample to sample. A possible correlation between the space group of spinels and the cation distribution is discussed.
Abstract Submicrometre grain boundary cavities are produced in Nimonic 80A when plastic deformation in any of three different stress states is followed by a short anneal. Tension, torsion and compression specimens were plastically strained in a systematic manner and then annealed for 2 h at 750 °C. Detailed quantitati…
The characteristic sweet-aroma components in refinery final molasses were isolated by using a combination of sensory evaluation, column chromatography and gas chromatography, and were identified by infrared spectrometry, mass spectrometry and color reactions. Identified were ethyl n-hexanoate, ethyl phenylacetate, phe…
Crosslinked cotton fabrics suffer significant losses in strength and abrasion resistance. In order to understand why these losses occur and also to reduce them, the physical chemistry of the process of crosslinking and the role of adsorption in the crosslinking reaction were studied. An attempt is made to relate adsor…
The theortical relation between yarn-mass variation and the variation of yarn-spinning tension for open-end rotor-spinnig is derived, and it is shown experimentally that spinning-tension measurement represents a useful means of assessment of yarn irregularity.
The influence of various factors on Ostwald ripening was assessed from studies of a mixture of two monodisperse emulsions.Successive batches of small crystals were ripened onto large crystals under a given set of conditions, and the final habit of the larger crystals was determined from electron micrographs. Hence a p…
We have carried out calorimetric measurements leading to ΔH f 0 = −60 kcal mol −1 for Cr 3+ (aq). Further calorimetric measurements have led to enthalpies of reaction of Cr 3+ (aq) with HF(aq), Cl − (aq), Br − (aq), and SO 4 2− (aq) to form the 'inner sphere' complexes CrF 2+ (aq), CrCl 2+ (aq), CrBr 2+ (aq), and CrSO…