Materials Literature
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The available models for grain-boundary diffusion are reviewed together with the relevant mathematical techniques for extracting the grain-boundary diffusivity from the various types of experimental data. The more useful experimental techniques are described, fo11owed by a presentation of results that shed light on th…
The radiation enhanced diffusion (coefficient D*) of U-233 and Pu-238 in UO2 and (U, Pu)O2 with 2.5 and 15% Pu was measured during fission in a nuclear reactor. Normal diffusion sandwiches with a thin tracer layer were used. A radio-frequency furnace allowed the temperatures to be varied between 130 and 1400°. Neutron…
This paper deals with a detailed experimental investigation on the collapse of a single spark-generated bubble near a solid wall and the mechanism of its induced impact pressure generation. By changing L//?max from 0.14 to 17.1, where L is the distance between the electrodes and the solid wall and /?max a maximum bubb…
Material Balances in Non-Reacting Processes. Species Balances in Reacting Systems. Element Balances. Material Balances in Process Flowsheets. Introduction to Energy Balances. Energy Balances for Nonreacting Systems. Energy Balances for Reacting Systems. Material and Energy Balances in Process Flowsheets. Appendixes.
The first synthesis of pentapyrrole macrocycle analogous to the porphyrins is described.
The inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA of L1210 cells in culture by liposomes was used as an index of liposome toxicity. Inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation appeared to be dose dependent for some lipid compositions tested. The commonly used neutral lipids, phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol did no…
The thermal decomposition of both βNiO(OH) and ‘nickel peroxide’ have been studied by combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (X.p.s.) studies of the solid with mass-spectrometric analysis of the gas phase. Through monitoring the O(1s) and Ni(2p) spectra of the as-prepared solids during decomposition, with simulta…
For the reduced second moment measure of stationary point processes several estimators are presented. In order to show the most general conditions under which the estimators are applicable, some properties of non-stationary point processes are introduced making it possible to reduce the second moment measure as in the…
The reduction of dioxygen to water has been investigated on ternary ruthenium(IV) oxides having the pyrochlore structure; in particular, compounds of the general form Bi2–2xPb2xRu2O7-y have been studied. Oxygen reduction on these materials appears to proceed by a rate-determining outer-sphere electron transfer, follow…
Current experimental findings on the effects of helium on the evolution of radiation damage microstructure in metals at temperatures where vacancies are mobile are reviewed. It is shown that helium concentrations as low as a few parts per million promote the formation of cavities and dislocations, may increase or decr…
Heat capacity of polyglycolide, poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene sebacate), polyglycine, poly(L-alanine), poly(L-valine),nylon 6, nylon 6.6 and nylon 6.12 is reviewed on the basis of measurements on 35 samples reported in the literature. All heat capacity data are compiled and a set of…
The characteristics of the surface of various stainless steels are reviewed. The property of these alloys that makes them stainless is the formation of Cr2O3 on the surface. It has been found that this protective layer can be modified relatively easily by heating, abrading, chemical treatment, or ion bombardment. Modi…
We interpret some recent calculations of Eisenriegler, Kremer, and Binder [1], and related multi-critical results of Diehl and Dietrich [2]. They show that the monomer concentration profile Φ(x) for isolated polymer chains in a good solvent and in close proximity to an adsorbing wall exhibits a singular behaviour ; i.…
Abstract A new high‐performance amorphous thermoplastic, named polyetherimide, has been developed by the General Electric Company. This resin is characterized by high deflection temperature (200°C at 264 psi), high tensile strength and flexural modulus (480,000 psi), and very good retention of mechanical properties at…
Barium titanate is an important material for both scientific and industrial applications. Much of the interest centres around its ferroelectric properties, since it is structurally the most simple in this class. In addition rare-earth doped ceramics are found to exhibit a very steep positive temperature coefficient of…
Samples of a TiB 2 ceramic containing 0 to 10 wt% Ni were fabricated by hot‐pressing. Several properties, including fracture strength, indentation fracture toughness, and thermal expansion (between 25° and 1000°C) were measured. Resulting data were correlated with sample microstructure and composition.
The effects of structural properties and their changes during cellulose hydrolysis on the enzymatic hydrolysis rate have been studied from the reaction mechanism point of view. Important findings are the following: (1) The crystallinity index (CrI) of partially crystalline cellulose increases as the hydrolysis reactio…
Abstract Differential scanning calorimetry is employed to study the crystallization kinetics of two commercial injection‐molding high‐density polyethylene resins. Also, polarized light microscopy has been used to elucidate the morphological structures formed at various crystallization conditions. Corrections and opera…
Photoconductivity measurements have been carried out for a series of powder Pt/TiO2 catalysts containing from 0.05 to 10 wt% Pt as well homodispersed particles (mean diameter ca. 2 nm). The presence of platinum, at least for contents ca. 1 wt%, caused a decrease in the anatase photoconductance σeq at equilibrium under…
Abstract Research in the past eight years has established the ability of polymer composites made with sufficient electrical conductivity to be suitable as shields against electromagnetic interference (EMI). A number of conductive fillers have been used to produce such composites. These include carbon black, carbon fib…