Materials Literature
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This investigation extends earlier studies of a shear-transformation-zone (STZ) theory of plastic deformation in amorphous solids. My main purpose here is to explore the possibility that the configurational degrees of freedom of such systems fall out of thermodynamic equilibrium with the heat bath during persistent me…
The influence of the mismatch effect on thin ferroelectric film properties has been studied in the phenomenological theory framework. The polarization dependent part of the surface energy that defined the boundary conditions for the Euler–Lagrange differential equation was written as a surface tension energy. The latt…
The electrical conductance of porous silicon fabricated with heavily doped p-type silicon is very sensitive to NO2. We show that the sign of the injection variations depends on the porous layer thickness. If the thickness is sufficiently low—of the order of few μm—the injection decreases instead of increasing. We disc…
Very elastic PLCL [poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone), 50:50] copolymers were synthesized and extruded into porous tubular scaffolds (pore size 150 +/- 50 microm, porosity 90%) for the application to tissue engineering. The copolymers were basically random and amorphous. However, two T(g)'s (glass transition temp…
Nonlinear kinetic equations are reviewed for a wide audience of specialists and postgraduate students in physics, mathematical physics, material science, chemical engineering and interdisciplinary research. Contents: The Boltzmann equation, Phenomenology and Quasi-chemical representation of the Boltzmann equation, Kin…
An important goal for community ecology is the characterization and prediction of changes in community patterns along environmental gradients. We aimed to identify the major environmental correlates of diatom distribution patterns in boreal running waters. We classified 197 stream sites based on their diatom flora. Di…
The surface and near-surface regions of an active catalyst and the adjacent gas-phase reactants were investigated simultaneously under reaction conditions using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This investigation of methanol oxidation on a copper catalyst showed that there was a linear correlation betwe…
A new method of depositing expitaxial ZnO nanocolumns on sputter-coated ZnO substrates is described that utilizes supersaturated zincate species in sodium hydroxide solutions and requires no complexing agents. Uniform arrays of columns are grown reproducibly over entire substrates in 10-50 min. Columns are 50-2000 nm…
Electronic transport through individual ZnO nanowires has been investigated. The current increases linearly with the bias and the conductance jumps upon ultraviolet illumination. The increase rate upon the illumination is much faster than the decrease rate as the light is off. The decrease rate under vacuum is slower…
We report a low-temperature (150 degrees C) and simple synthesis of quasi-monodispersed and uniform hexagonal (Wurtzite) ZnS nanocrystals in ethylene glycol medium. The samples structures were characterized with X-ray diffraction technique and transmission electron microscopy. It is believed that ethylene glycol mediu…
Polymorphs of cellulose I, III(I), and IV(I) have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, and solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Highly crystalline cellulose III(I) samples were prepared by treating cellulose samples in supercritical ammonia at 140 degrees C for 1 h, and conventional cellulose III(I) samples w…
ZnO nanowires were grown between two Au electrodes on an Al2O3-deposited Si wafer. Photoresponse, photoresponse spectrum, and current–voltage (I–V) studies were performed for the investigation into photoconduction mechanism in these nanowires. The photoresponse of the nanowires under the continuous illumination of lig…
This article reviews transparent oxide optoelectronic devices based on our efforts focusing on transparent thin-film transistors fabricated from single-crystalline films of InGaO3(ZnO)5 with a natural superlattice structure, near-ultraviolet (UV) emitting diodes composed of heteroepitaxially grown p-type SrCu2O2 and n…
A review is given here of recent results in developing improved control of growth, doping, and fabrication processes for ZnO devices with possible applications to ultraviolet (UV) light emitters, spin functional devices, gas sensors, transparent electronics, and surface acoustic wave devices. ZnO can be grown on cheap…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a unique material that exhibits semiconducting, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric multiple properties. Using a solid-vapor phase thermal sublimation technique, nanocombs, nanorings, nanohelixes/nanosprings, nanobows, nanobelts, nanowires, and nanocages of ZnO have been synthesized under specific grow…
The influence of structure and physical-chemical nature of polymers on electret charge relaxation in fiber polymer materials based on various polymer matrix (polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene), produced by melt-blown technology, was investigated in this work. It has been established, that increase of electret eff…
The present work is concerned with the development of a new technique for simultaneous measurements of space charge profiles and TSDC spectra on polymer sheets without manipulating the sample and dismantling the measuring cell. During the TSDC run, the space charge profile is measured at several temperature levels by…
Very narrow artificial tubes have been used to investigate the behaviour of discharges in conditions similar to those encountered in electrical trees. In the present study a discharge sequence measured prior to the formation of an electrical tree at the tube tip has been analysed to see if there was any evidence for t…
When superconducting power apparatuses and electronic devices are commercially available in the near future, polymers will play a decisive role in the design of electrical insulation. The working temperatures of superconductors regardless of low temperature superconductors at liquid helium temperatures or high tempera…
The presence of partial discharge is one of the most prominent indicators of defects and ongoing degradation processes in electrical insulation systems. Lately ns orders partial discharge signal measurements has become of major interest, because the waveforms of partial discharges are changed with the degradation of t…