Materials Literature
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We consider generalizations of the Kardar--Parisi--Zhang equation that accomodate spatial anisotropies and the coupled evolution of several fields, and focus on their symmetries and non-perturbative properties. In particular, we derive generalized fluctuation--dissipation conditions on the form of the (non-linear) equ…
We systematically investigate, using ab initio density-functional theory calculations, the properties of interstitial and substitutional Mn in both Si and Ge, as well as in the Si(1-x)Gex alloy. We show that volume effects are not the main reason Mn prefers to be a subsitutional impurity in pure Ge, and chemical effec…
By means of linear theory of elastoplasticity, solutions are given for screw and edge dislocations situated in an isotropic solid. The force stresses, strain fields, displacements, distortions, dislocation densities and moment stresses are calculated. The force stresses, strain fields, displacements and distortions ar…
Dislocation waves in magnetic crystals in the vicinity of orientation phase transition (OPT) temperatures are considered in a frame of the field theory of the defects. The singularities of the dislocation flows, elastic deformations and magnetization occur if the magnetic subsystem is inhomogeneous and the dispersion…
We fabricate and electrically characterize electrospun nanofibers of doped polyaniline/polyethylene oxide (PAn/PEO) blend with sub-30 nm diameter. Fiber diameters near 5 nm are obtained for optimized process parameters. Scanning conductance microscopy (SCM) shows that fibers with diameter below 15 nm are electrically…
The concurrent self-assembly of new 1,3,5-trisamide-cyclohexane-based low molecular weight hydrogelators and various surfactants in water leads to the formation of self-assembled fibrillar networks with encapsulated micelles. This prototype system presents an example of orthogonal self-assembly, that is, the independe…
The process of electrospinning, which produces fibers in the nanometer to micron range under the influence of high voltages, has been widely studied to produce polymer and textile fibers. Mesoporous molecular sieve fibers have been produced in our lab, and this technique was extended to produce an interwoven mesh of p…
In order to reduce the number of ineffective configurations in a priori generated configuration spaces, a direct configuration interaction method has been developed which limits the electron occupations of orbital groups making up a total active space. A wave function is specified by first partitioning an active space…
When a liquid is cooled below its melting temperature, it usually crystallizes. However, if the quenching rate is fast enough, the system may remain in a disordered state, progressively losing its fluidity upon further cooling. When the time needed for the rearrangement of the local atomic structure reaches approximat…
Properties and potential applications of carbon nanotubes are summarized by emphasizing the aspects of nanoelectronics and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). The main technologies for the assembly of nanodevices through nanomanipulations with scanning probe microscopes and nanorobotic manipulators are overviewed, f…
Surface-coated nanoparticles of LaF 3 and LaPO 4 doped with the luminescent trivalent lanthanide ions Eu 3+, Nd 3+, Er 3+, Pr 3+, Ho 3+, and Yb 3+ have been prepared. These ions emit in the visible and in the near-infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The ions Nd 3+, Er 3+, Pr 3+, and Ho 3+ are the main focus…
The accumulation of reports on the puzzling behavior of guanidinium-rich oligo/polymers in bilayer membranes, reaching from HIV-Tat-like (HIV Tat is the human immunodeficiency virus transactivator of transcription) translocation to selectivity and voltage-gating of ion channels, prompted us to investigate possible con…
Nanostructural zinc oxide pins have been fabricated by vapor transport on copper-coated silicon wafer. The nanopins are composed of hexagonal wurtzite-phase zinc oxide with single crystal quality. The growth process includes two steps: (1) growth of a micron-sized zinc oxide dot on the substrate and (2) growth of a sh…
We evaluate the potential of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the basis for a new nanoelectronic technology. After briefly reviewing the electronic structure and transport properties of CNTs, we discuss the fabrication of CNT field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) formed from individual single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs), SWCNT b…
The anomalous properties of cold and supercooled water, such as the fact that at sufficiently low temperatures it becomes more compressible and less dense when cooled, and more fluid when compressed, have attracted the attention of physical scientists for a long time. The discovery in the 1970s that several thermodyna…
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Eutectic growth in Al-51.6%wt Ge alloy has been investigated during free fall in a drop tube. With decreasing undercooling Δ T , the microstructural evolution has shown a transition from lamellar eutectic to anomalous eutectic. A maximum cooling rate of 4.2 × 10 4 K/s and undercooling of up to 240K (0.35 T E ) are obt…
Abstract Kinetics and thermodynamics of the process of internal nitridation of various nickel‐base alloys have been investigated in oxygen‐free nitrogen atmospheres. Furthermore, the influence of formation and spalling of a protective oxide scale on the internal nitridation behavior of the alloys was studied by isothe…
Photoluminescence (PL) from CdS nanoclusters formed in the matrix of a Langmuir-Blodgett film and from the same clusters with the matrix removed has been studied. The PL spectrum of clusters in the matrix has the form of a broad band (full width at half-maximum (FWHM) ∼ 0.6 eV) peaked at 2.4 eV. After removing the mat…
Aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl methyl ether) are experimentally studied at temperatures below the equilibrium freezing temperature of water. Earlier investigations of the peculiar phase behavior of PVME/water gave evidence of the existence of a molecular solvent/polymer complex in which (at most) two water molecules…