Materials Literature
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We investigate the structure of 13-particle clusters in binary alloys for various size ratios and different concentrations via molecular-dynamics simulation. Our goal is to predict which systems are likely to form local icosahedral structures when rapidly supercooled from the melt. We calculate the energy spectrum of…
We report on the growth and subsequent work function measurements of diamond film covered surfaces. Diamond films were grown via a thermal chemical vapor deposition technique. The feed gas mixture used was 1% CH4/99% H2. Raman spectroscopy was used to verify diamond growth. Electron emission was investigated and work…
Phosphate (P) sorption isotherms have been widely used to characterize the P status and to establish fertilizer requirements of soils. Recently, mechanistic models have successfully described the nutrient uptake by plants under changing soil and plant parameters. Phosphorus sorption characteristics of eleven represent…
Stress relaxation of commercial poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is measured at strains below 3% and at different temperatures below the glass transition temperature. First it is shown that below the yield point the material follows a linear viscoelastic behavior. Then the data at a fixed deformation level (0.03) are fitted…
During the past several years, the study of interfacial instability and pattern formation phenomena has preoccupied many researchers in the broad area of nonlinear science. These phenomena occur in a variety of dynamical systems, far from equilibrium, especially in some practically very important physical systems, alw…
Abstract The mechanism of the strictly alternating anionic copolymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) and phthalic anhydride (PA) was initiated by various imidazoles. Because of the strictly alternating copolymerization polyesters with a repeating unit of PGE‐PA were obtained. The mechanism of the reaction was an…
The coenzyme specificity of isocitrate dehydrogenase from an extreme thermophilic bacterium was converted from NADP-dependent to NAD-dependent by replacing a "module" involved in the coenzyme binding site. The conversion was not possible with the replacement of a few residues that interact with the coenzyme. In additi…
The dynamic compressibility of air in fibrous materials has been computed for two assumed configurations of fibers which are close to the geometry of real fiber materials. Models with parallel cylinders placed in a regular square lattice and placed randomly are treated. For these models the compressibility is computed…
In the fabrication of fuel containing transuranium (TRU) elements, flow sheets and techniques that allow a shielded and/or remote fabrication will probably need to be applied. One approach, which has been demonstrated on the laboratory and semiprototype scale, is the wet fabrication route of coprecipitation of the mat…
The combination of two second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) processes , termed cascading, can induce third‐order nonlinearities, which are of major interest for all‐optical signal processing. The concept of cascading and the basic ideas behind it are explained and some of the molecules of greatest potential in this ar…
Poly(lactic acid) macromonomers with methacrylate terminal functionality have been synthesized from the cyclic dimer of lactic acid (referred to as lactide) with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as initiator and stannous 2-ethyl hexanoate as catalyst. The macromonomers were characterized with FT-IR, NMR, GPC, DSC, W…
Both continuously tapered and discrete multilevel subwavelength grating structures are examined to determine the optimum method of designing antireflection surfaces. Continuously tapered gratings are designed with use of the optimal Klopfenstein graded index technique, while discrete multilevel stair-step gratings are…
Abstract NMR studies of the reaction of complexes of the type (L‐L)MoO(O 2 ) 2 (L – L= bidentate ligand) with strong Brønsted and Lewis acids prove that protons are transferred preferentially to an η 2 ‐peroxo and not to the oxo ligand. This behavior in proton transfer reactions is one critical point of the catalytic…
This book contains a very comprehensive review of the phenomenological shell model of the nucleus. Calculational techniques and various applications are presented in detail. This book is very useful for students and young scientists who want to study this particular model. Appendices devoted to the evaluation of Clebs…
Si 3 N 4 (s) powders are vaporized in effusion cells, and the gaseous phase, analyzed by mass spectrometry, is composed of N 2 , Si, Si 2 , Si 3 , SiN, and Si 2 N. Owing to retarding vaporization of N 2 , effusion cells with different orifice sizes are used in order to determine the evaporation coefficient for this sp…
The asymptotic behavior of multichannel parallel relaxation processes for systems with dynamical disorder is investigated in the limit of a very large number of channels. An individual channel is characterized by a state vector x which, due to dynamical disorder, is a random function of time. A limit of the thermodyna…
Abstract Anthraquic conditions were defined in the soil taxonomy primarily for rice paddy soils, but little data have been published on relationships among saturation, reduction, and morphological features for such soils. We studied those parameters in three alternatively flooded and irrigated rice‐growing Alfisols. R…
Substitution of yttrium (${\mathrm{Y}}^{3+}$) in La-Ca-Mn-O perovskites of the ${\mathrm{ABO}}_{3}$ structure markedly affects the crystal structure and lattice constants as well as the resistivity (\ensuremath{\rho}), ferromagnetic transition temperature (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$), and the temperature correspondin…
The influence of surface energies on line resolution in screen printing was studied in this paper. Ink wettability on surfaces is decreased by decreasing the surface energies of substrates-the reduction in wettability improves the line resolution. For such high surface-energy substrates as ceramics, the effective mean…
Cellulose acetate (CA) was melt compounded with two different citric acid esters: triethyl citrate and acetyl triethyl citrate. It was observed, based on the glass transition temperatures, that both plasticizers were miscible with CA. The addition of plasticizer reduced the tensile modulus and increased the elongation…