Materials Literature
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Abstract Real‐time, Raman spectroscopic measurements of crystallinity during the blown film extrusion of a linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) are reported. The take‐up ratio (TUR), inflation air pressure, and cooling conditions were varied, and their effect on the development of crystallinity was studied. The res…
Abstract A series of substituted pyridinium betaines of squaric acid have been prepared by quaternization reaction of 3‐ and 4‐substituted pyridines with squaric acid. The products were characterized by means of elemental analysis, melting points, and their UV‐vis and IR spectra. The UV‐vis spectra of all investigated…
The results for cluster shape anisotropy over a broad range (10)(-3)-10(-1)) of monomer volume fractions, fv values, are presented for both two- (2d) and three-dimensional (3d) simulations of diffusion-limited (DLCA), ballistic-limited (BLCA), and reaction-limited (RLCA) cluster-cluster aggregation classes. We find th…
The electrical switching behaviors of an offset-type phase change memory device with a highly resistive TiON layer were investigated, where the TiON layer (7 nm thick) was formed at a 70 nm wide contact between Ge 1 Sb 2 Te 4 and TiN layers. Reversible transitions between crystalline (set) and amorphous (reset) phases…
Abstract Quantification of surface nano‐structures by angle‐resolved XPS (ARXPS) is straightforward and works quite reliably for perfectly flat surfaces of amorphous materials. For rough surfaces, the interpretation of ARXPS is, however, complicated because the angular variation of the XPS peak intensity depends on th…
Abstract Small‐angle scattering (SAS) studies are reviewed of adsorption and capillary condensation of water, hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons near room temperature, and of nitrogen at 78 K in some mesoporous solids, mainly silicas. The theory needed for the interpretation of SAS data is briefly covered. Calc…
Colored oxide films were grown on AISI-304 stainless-steel samples by chemical and electrochemical methods using different coloring times. The electrochemical methods involved the use of alternating potential pulses and triangular current scans. The colored films were characterized in the visible region by reflectance…
Magnetic and neutron-diffraction studies of La 2 CoMnO 6 doped with strontium and calcium ions are carried out. Stoichiometric and calcium-containing samples are orthorhombically distorted, whereas the oxidation and doping with strontium ions stabilizes a rhombohedral structure. Neutron-diffraction studies show that L…
We report here a simple approach to reactivation of iron catalysts for improving the efficiency of catalyst-directed surface growth of SWNTs by heating treatment (normally at 450 °C for 30 min in air). The heat treatment approach can burn off the amorphous carbon coated on catalysts and may change the interaction betw…
Abstract The morphology, crystallization and self nucleation behavior of double crystalline diblock copolymers of poly(p‐dioxanone) (PPDX) and poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) with different compositions have been studied by different techniques, including optical microscopy (OM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and different…
We propose a new hamiltonian intended to mimic low-spin to high-spin transition in spin-crossover solids, that displays a vibrational-entropy-driven first order phase transition. The present model is based on the existence of anharmonic intersite coupling (dependent on the electronic state of the sites) which alters t…
Degradation behaviors of Mg-doped BaTiO 3 have been studied in terms of oxygen vacancy concentration and microstructural development. Mg-doped BaTiO 3 powders were precisely synthesized by the Pechini method. As MgO content was increased to 1.0 mol%, Curie points moved to lower temperatures and dielectric constants de…
In this article, we contrast the optical properties of dipolar chromophores having 4-(dimethylamino)phenyl electron donor (D) and pyridinium acceptor (A) groups with those of closely related cations having pyridyl-coordinated Ru(II) donors. A range of physical data, including that from Stark (electroabsorption) spectr…
Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
An in-cell remote fabrication technique was developed for MOX fuel pellets containing 3 and 5% americium (Am-MOX fuel pellet). The fuel pellet was fabricated by means of conventional powder metallurgy. A series of fuel pellet fabrication apparatuses were systematically installed in the alpha-gamma cell (hot cell) to p…
Abstract Electrical conductivity is an important soil property related to salinity, and is often used for delineating other soil properties. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of smectite properties on the complex electrical conductivity spectra of hydrated smectitic clays. Four smectites were satu…
The effects of shrimp chitosan with deacetylation degrees (DD) of 50%, 70% and 95% (DD50, DD70, DD95) on the growth of the intestinal bacteria were investigated in vitro in the laboratory media, and in vivo by an oral feeding test using hamsters as the animal model. The antibacterial activities of these chitosan produ…
A novel vectorial modal method is presented for studying guidance and scattering of frequency-selective structures based on lossy all-dielectric multilayered waveguide gratings for both TE and TM polarizations. The wave equation for the transverse magnetic field is written in terms of a linear differential operator sa…
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is introduced as a biomolecular manipulation machine capable of assembling biological molecules into well-defined molecular structures. Native collagen molecules were mechanically directed into well-defined, two-dimensional templates exhibiting patterns with feature sizes ranging from…
Abstract The chemical modification of maritime pine sapwood ( Pinus pinaster ) with alkoxysilanes was studied according to three different pathways: carbamoylation with 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, etherification with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and alcoholysis of n-propyltrimethoxysilane. Grafting was con…