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Origin of zeolite cements in the Miocene sandstones, North Tejon oil fields, California
Abstract Zeolite cement zoning from heulandite via heulandite + laumontite to laumontite is found in Miocene volcaniclastic sandstones at the North Tejon Oil Field, southern San Joaquin basin, California. The zeolite transition occurs at the depth range from 2703-2743 m (present temperature range: 90-92 degrees C). He…
Derivation of a general three-dimensional crack-propagation law: A generalization of the principle of local symmetry
We derive a general crack-propagation law for slow brittle cracking, in two and three dimensions, using discrete symmetries, gauge invariance, and gradient expansions. Our derivation provides explicit justification for the ``principle of local symmetry,'' which has been used extensively to describe two-dimensional cra…
Polyaniline Secondary Cells with Ambient Temperature Molten Salt Electrolytes
An Al/polyaniline (PAn) powder secondary cell with an or an electrolyte has been investigated. The configuration of the Al/PAn secondary cell with an acidic electrolyte was: open‐circuit voltage , , . A 24% increase in the discharge capacity over a BPC system electrolyte is obtained. The difference was attributed to t…
Genesis and transformation of minerals in the formation of red (Alfisols) and black (Inceptisols and Vertisols) soils on Deccan basalt in the Western Ghats, India
SUMMARY Six noncalcareous pedons from the basaltic terrain of the Western Ghats in Maharashtra, India, were identified for the present study. Of these, two red‐soil pedons (Typic Haplustalfs) and one black‐soil pedon (Vertic Ustropept) are from the Bhimashankar plateau at an elevation of 1000 m above mean sea level, e…
The Influence of Fumed Silica Properties on the Processing, Curing, and Reinforcement Properties of Silicone Rubber
Abstract The present study uses a commercial heat cured silicone rubber formula (including a process aid) and mixing techniques to investigate the effect of varying fumed silica properties—including load, surface area, silica structure level, and surface pretreatment levels—on the rubber processing, curing, and cured…
Coordination polymerization of lactides, 4. The role of transesterification in the copolymerization of L , L ‐lactide and ε‐caprolactone
Abstract Two modes of transesterification in copolymerization of L , L ‐lactide with ε‐caprolactone in the presence of initiators containing Al and Zn were found. The quantitative analysis of the contributions of both types of transesterification reactions is revealed. The transesterification ability of initiators con…
Biological response of intramedullary bone to poly‐L‐lactic acid
Abstract This study focuses on examining the biological response of intramedullary bone to poly‐ L ‐lactic acid (PLLA), particularly during the PLLA degradation phase. To study the influence of spherical crystals (spherulites) of PLLA on intramedullary bone response, two different types of PLLA coupon, with and withou…
Visible light-induced photocatalytic behavior of a layered perovskite-type rubidium lead niobate, RbPb2Nb3O10
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVisible light-induced photocatalytic behavior of a layered perovskite-type rubidium lead niobate, RbPb2Nb3O10J. Yoshimura, Y. Ebina, J. Kondo, K. Domen, and A. TanakaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 9, 1970–1973Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Pub…
Physical properties of dendritic macromolecules: a study of glass transition temperature
The variation of glass transition temperature with molecular weight and chain-end composition for dendritic polyethers and polyesters was studied. A new and modified version of the chain-end free volume theory was derived to account for the large number of chain ends in these unusual structures. For both homopolymers…
A concerted rotation algorithm for atomistic Monte Carlo simulation of polymer melts and glasses
We develop and test a new elementary Monte Carlo move for use in the efficient simulation of polymer systems. The move consists of a concerted rotation around up to seven adjacent skeletal bonds that leaves the rest of the chain unaffected. No assumption is made concerning the backbone geometry other than that bond le…
Phase-field model of solute trapping during solidification
A phase-field model for isothermal solidification of a binary alloy is developed that includes gradient energy contributions for the phase field and for the composition field. When the gradient energy coefficient for the phase field is smaller than that for the solute field, planar steady-state solutions exhibit a red…
Crystal structure and magnetic properties of [Ln2Cu4] hexanuclear clusters (where Ln = trivalent lanthanide). Mechanism of the gadolinium(III)-copper(II) magnetic interaction
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structure and magnetic properties of [Ln2Cu4] hexanuclear clusters (where Ln = trivalent lanthanide). Mechanism of the gadolinium(III)-copper(II) magnetic interactionMarius Andruh, Isabelle Ramade, Epiphane Codjovi, Olivier Guillou, Olivier Kahn, and Jean Christian T…
Organic materials for nonlinear optics
Abstract This review discusses nonlinear optical (NLO) polymeric materials. As an example of a second‐order NLO material, a novel copolymer with a diazo dye attached is investigated. The second‐order NLO coefficient χ (2) of the copolymer reaches 1.0 × 10 −6 esu, which is 7 times larger than that of LiNbO 3 . A third‐…
Antireflection structured surfaces for the infrared spectral region
Antireflection structured (ARS) surfaces on GaAs substrates for application with normally incident, randomly polarized, 10.6-microm-wavelength radiation are designed and analyzed. Both one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) multilevel profiles are examined with special attention given to multilevel approximat…
Soil Redox and pH Effects on Methane Production in a Flooded Rice Soil
Abstract Methane formation in soil is a microbiological process controlled by many factors. Of them soil redox potential (Eh) and soil pH are considered critical controls. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the critical initiation soil Eh, the optimum soil pH, and the interaction of Eh and pH on…
Mathematical Models for Hysteresis
The various existing classical models for hysteresis, Preisach, Ishlinskii, Duhem–Madelung, are surveyed, as well a more modern treatments by contemporary workers. The emphasis is on a clear mathematical description of the formulation and properties of each model. In addition the authors try to make the reader aware o…
Helical and rotational symmetries of nanoscale graphitic tubules
We show how all extended graphitic tubules constructed by rolling up a single graphite sheet can be defined in terms of their helical and rotational symmetries. Specification of these symmetries is practically mandatory in all but the simplest calculations of tubule properties as a function of radius and structure. We…
Structures of the ferroelectric phases of barium titanate
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructures of the ferroelectric phases of barium titanateG. H. Kwei, A. C. Lawson, S. J. L. Billinge, and S. W. CheongCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 10, 2368–2377Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 Marc…