Materials Literature
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With a unique combination of strength and toughness among materials, spider silk is the model for engineering materials. This paper presents the stress-strain behavior of Nephila clavipes spider silk under tension, transverse compression, and torsional deformation obtained by a battery of micro testing equipment. The…
The reaction of [Mn(3)O(O(2)CMe)(6)(py)(3)](ClO(4)) (1; 3Mn(III)) with [Mn(10)O(4)(OH)(2)(O(2)CMe)(8)(hmp)(8)](ClO(4))(4) (2; 10Mn(III)) in MeCN affords the new mixed-valent complex [Mn(21)O(14)(OH)(2)(O(2)CMe)(16)(hmp)(8)(pic)(2)(py)(H(2)O)](ClO(4))(4) (3; 3Mn(II)-18Mn(III); hmp(-) is the anion of 2-(hydroxymethyl)py…
Mode-coupling theory (MCT) predicts the arrest of colloids in terms of their volume fraction, and the range and depth of the interparticle attraction. We discuss how the effective values of these parameters evolve under cluster aggregation. We argue that weak gelation in colloids can be idealized as a two-stage ergodi…
Abstract Green composites composed of regenerated cellulose (lyocell) fabric and biodegradable polyesters [poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐ co ‐3‐hydroxyvarelate) (PHBV), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and poly(lactic acid) (PLA)] were prepared by compression‐molding method. The tensile moduli and strength of all the biodegra…
Abstract The properties of two polyethylenes [a high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and a low‐density polyethylene (LDPE)] were studied after several extrusion cycles. To reduce the degradation effects during the reprocessing, a mixture of two stabilizers was added to the formulations. The predominant degradation mechani…
Structural changes of proteins during adsorption to biomaterials affect the presentation of molecular binding sites and, ultimately, biomaterial performance. We have applied fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) spectroscopy to study structural changes of the cell adhesion protein, fibronectin (Fn), following…
This study explores the concept of composite construction simultaneously at nano- and macroscopic length scales. This approach promises to allow improvement of multiple properties coincidentally but independently. A model system was identified that allows us to test this concept by combining molecular level hybridizat…
Complexes of some transition-metal salts and emeraldine base of polyaniline were synthesized and characterized by UV−vis−IR spectroscopy, morphology studies, and conductivity measurements. Depending on the inorganic salt used, two extreme cases of doping were distinguished. The first regime of doping resulted in films…
We have characterized the icosahedral short-range order in amorphous solids using local environment probes. Such topological local order is pronounced even in an amorphous alloy that does not form quasicrystalline phases upon crystallization, as demonstrated by the extended x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray ab…
The growth of molluscan shell crystals is usually thought to be initiated from solution by extracellular organic matrix. We report a class of granulocytic hemocytes that may be directly involved in shell crystal production for oysters. On the basis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray microanalysis, these g…
Plastic deformation in coarse-grained metals is governed by dislocation-mediated processes. These processes lead to the accumulation of a residual dislocation network, producing inhomogeneous strain and an irreversible broadening of the Bragg peaks in x-ray diffraction. We show that during plastic deformation of elect…
In nature, key molecular processes such as communication, replication, and enzyme catalysis all rely on a delicate balance between molecular and supramolecular chirality. Here we report the design, synthesis, and operation of a reversible, photoresponsive, self-assembling molecular system in which molecular and supram…
Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ca 2p-3d resonant photoemission spectroscopy of a Cd6Ca crystalline approximant unambiguously demonstrates that the low-lying unoccupied 3d levels of calcium are lowered below the Fermi energy by the formation of the approximant, as suggested from electronic structure calculations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 206408 (2001)]]…
Abstract Mn 2 (OH) 2 SO 4 , obtained as pink prismatic crystals by the hydrothermal reaction of MnSO 4 ·H 2 O and NaOH at 240 °C for 24 h, consists of layers of Mn hydroxide connected to each other through µ 6 ‐sulfate ions. Each layer exhibits vacancies, and each vacant space is capped at the top and bottom by the su…
Abstract A de‐ tert ‐butylated calix[6]arene (A 6 L 6 ) fitted with six ether‐amide pendant arms was synthesized and characterized in solution. NMR spectroscopic data point to the six phenoxide units adopting an average D 6 h conformation on the NMR time scale. According to MM3 molecular mechanics, and MOPAC quantum m…
Abstract A new building block for molecule‐based magnetic materials — thiazole‐substituted nitronyl nitroxide NIT2‐thz [ 1 , NIT2‐thz = 4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐2‐(2′‐ thiazolyl)imidazolin‐1‐oxyl 3‐oxide] and its copper( II ) complexes [Cu(NIT2‐thz) 2 (N 3 ) 2 ] ( 2 ) and [CuCl 2 (NIT2‐thz) 2 ] ( 3 ) — have been synthesize…
A new class of pi-extended TTF-type electron donors (11 a-c) has been synthesized by Wittig-Horner olefination of bianthrone (9) with 1,3-dithiole phosphonate esters (10 a-c). In cyclic voltammetry experiments, donors 11 a-c reveal a single, electrochemically irreversible oxidation-yielding the corresponding dicationi…
Abstract The novel thioantimonate( III ) compound [Ni(dien) 2 ] 3 (Sb 3 S 6 ) 2 , which was synthesised under solvothermal conditions, contains isolated [Sb 3 S 6 ] 3− anions. In the X‐ray crystal structure, isolated cyclic [Sb 3 S 6 ] 3− anions occupy a boat‐like conformation and two different isomeric [Ni(dien) 2 ]…
The resonance Raman spectroscopic characterization of doped poly(benzidine) and poly(benzidine)−clay nanocomposites is reported for the first time. The montmorillonite clay was used as a host structure to confine the polymer. The organic−inorganic hybrid materials were synthesized by oxidative polymerization of benzid…