Materials Literature
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We suggest to include the density of electron charge explicitly in the electron potential of density functional theory, rather than implicitly via exchange-correlation functionals. The advantages of the approach are conceptual and numerical. Conceptually, it allows to formulate a physical principle for the development…
We studied the magnetic properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}∕{\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ superlattices. Magnetometry showed that with increasing ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\del…
When a carbon nanotube emitter is operated at high currents (typically above 1 microA per emitter), a small voltage drop ( approximately few volts) along its length or at its contact generates a reverse/canceling electric field that causes a saturation-like deviation from the classical Fowler-Nordheim behavior with re…
We report here the unexpected observation of significant room-temperature ferromagnetism in a semiconductor doped with nonmagnetic impurities, Cu-doped ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}$ thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition. The magnetic moment, calculated from the magnetization curves, resulted surprisingly large, about $1.…
The optical response of isolated holes in 20 nm thin gold is probed as a function of alkanethiol CH(3)(CH2)x SH (x epsilon in 1-15) and protein adsorption using dark-field spectroscopy. We establish that the plasmon excitations of single and short-range ordered 60 nm holes exhibit similar E-field decay lengths delta a…
Spawning nanostructures: Uniform-sized ceria nanocrystals with sphere, wire, and tadpole shapes were synthesized from the nonhydrolytic sol–gel reaction of cerium(III) nitrate and diphenyl ether in the presence of appropriate surfactants. The picture shows a TEM image of a batch of tadpole-shaped nanowires (bottom lef…
We describe a simple and inexpensive method to produce super-hydrophobic surfaces on aluminum and its alloy by oxidation and chemical modification. Water or aqueous solutions (pH = 1-14) have contact angles of 168 +/- 2 and 161 +/- 2 degrees on the treated surfaces of Al and Al alloy, respectively. The super-hydrophob…
Smooth results with glycerol: A highly viscous glycerol electrolyte suppresses local concentration fluctuations and changes in pH during the anodization of titanium. This leads to layers of smooth TiO2 nanotubes up to 7 μm thick and with an average pore diameter of 40 nm (see transmission electron micrograph).
This work is concerned with a facility for characterizing the insulation of power cables whilst submitted to high dc voltage. The presented tool allows to measure the real distribution of the electric field in the cable insulation, which can be significantly different from the capacitive (Laplace) field repartition, a…
In this work, La 0.4 Ni 0.4 Co 3.6 Sb 12 filled skutterudite was prepared successfully by mechanical alloying (MA) and subsequent hot pressing. With increasing hot press (HP) temperature, the content of the filled skutterudite phase increases and its composition tends to the nominal composition; a single phase filled…
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Abstract Studies of immiscible blend compatibilization often involve laborious microscopy methods to characterize changes in the particle size distribution with time in the melt. Here we explore a simple alternative approach based on Porod scattering from the two‐phase structure. Although micron‐sized particles in imm…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">NOx emissions have traditionally been difficult to control from diesel engines; however, lean NOx trap catalysts have been shown to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines by greater than 90% under some conditions. It is imperative that lean NOx traps be highly selective to N<…
Thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence properties of nanocrystalline Er3+ and Yb3+ doped Y3Al5O12 exposed to β-rays, Rodríguez, R A, De la Rosa, E, Salas, P, Meléndrez, R, Barboza-Flores, M
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Transient engine tests were performed to investigate behavior of transient emissions--hydrocarbon (HC) and oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)--in a 2.4L turbocharged four cylinder High Speed Direct Injection (HSDI) diesel engine which is coupled to a hydrostatic transient dynamometer. Emiss…
Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) offers an unequivocal method of detecting and identifying both hidden explosives, such as land mines, and a variety of narcotics. Unfortunately, the practical use of NQR is restricted by a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and means to improve the SNR are vital to enable a rapid, reli…
A new one-dimensional polynuclear copper(II) complex [Cu(2)(mu(1,3)-SCN)(2)(mu'(1,3)-SCN)(2)(MPyO)(2)](n)(where MPyO = 4-methylpyridine N-oxide) has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined by X-ray crystallography. In the complex there exist two kinds of bridging coordination modes, namely, mu(1,3)-SCN(-…
The ASME Section III design-by-analysis approach provides stress criteria for the design of nuclear components. Stresses are calculated elastically for the most part, although plastic analysis is recognized. Limits are specified for primary, secondary, and peak stresses. Inherent in these limits are factors of safety…
The effect of electron conditioning on commercially available aluminium alloys 1100 and 6063 was investigated. Contrary to the assumption that electron conditioning, if performed long enough, can reduce and stabilize the secondary electron yield (SEY) to low values (⩽1.3, the value for many pure elements), the SEY of…
The single-chain magnet (SCM) system $[{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{(\text{saltmen})}_{2}\mathrm{Ni}{(\mathrm{pao})}_{2}{(\mathrm{L})}_{2}]{(\mathrm{A})}_{2}$ (L: intrachain attaching ligand of ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{II}$ ion; ${\mathrm{A}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$: interchain counteranion) is a ferromagnetic one-dimensional network system w…