Materials Literature
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Abstract Iron archaeological artefacts were studied to understand long‐term corrosion by the atmosphere. Indeed, these samples collected on the construction elements of ancient monuments present ancient rust layers formed during their exposure over centuries to the indoor atmosphere. Thanks to Raman spectroscopy and t…
This first book to take a detailed look at one of the key focal points where nanotechnology and polymers meet provides both an introductory view for beginners as well as in-depth knowledge for specialists in the various research areas involved. It investigates all types of application for block copolymers: as tools fo…
Silicone nanofilaments (see figure) are grown by a simple chemical vapor deposition method on different substrate materials. The filaments are flexible, and have lengths of up to several micrometers and diameters of up to 150 nm. The dense and entangled arrangement of these filaments yields a superhydrophobic coating…
We examine some of the optical properties of a metamaterial consisting of thin layers of alternating metal and dielectric. We can model this material as a homogeneous effective medium with anisotropic dielectric permittivity. When the components of this permittivity have different signs, the behavior of the system bec…
A UV-light-emitting homojunction ZnO LED is grown by radiofrequency sputtering at high temperature, improving the structural, electrical, and optical properties of the n- and p-type ZnO layers. The figure shows a comparison of the electroluminescence spectra of A) a p–n homojunction ZnO LED and B) a ZnO LED with Mg0.1…
ZnO nanorod arrays were fabricated using a hydrothermal method. The nanorods were studied by scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved PL, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and positron annihilation spectroscopy before and after annealing in different environments and at different temperature…
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has been promoting R&D on the hydrogen production technology with a high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) with a view to contributing to the global warming issue and hydrogen energy society in the near future.
Recent improvements in thermoelectric (TE) materials have expanded the potential to use this technology to generate electricity from waste heat in a variety of applications. The performance of a TE generator improves when the temperature difference across the generator is as large as possible given the constraints ass…
Magnetoelectronic phase separation plays an integral part in many recent advances in the understanding of correlated electron systems. We have studied the magnetically phase separated material ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and observe unambiguous evidence of magnetic in…
Self-consistent field theory (SCFT) has been used to calculate the Helfrich bending elastic constants for monolayers of AB diblock copolymers at interfaces between immiscible A and B homopolymer liquids. We focus on the properties of saturated monolayers, with vanishing interfacial tension, considering both symmetric…
The optical and redox properties of a new family of thiophene−phenylene-based molecules are reported. The monomers 1,4-bis[2-(3,3-dimethyl-(3,4-propylenedioxy)thienyl]-2,5-didodecyloxybenzene (BProDOT-Me 2 -B(OC 12 H 25 ) 2 ) and 1,4-bis[2-(3,3-dihexyl-(3,4-propylenedioxy)thienyl]-2,5-didodecyloxybenzene (BProDOT-Hex…
In this study we use a new topological structure measure to analyze the local environment of 923 atom gold clusters quenched from the melt, at various quench rates, by molecular dynamics. The crystallization and geometrical rearrangements of the core atoms upon freezing can be clearly observed using our structure meas…
The properties of bimetallic Ni-Rh nanowires, fabricated by decorating the steps of vicinal Rh(111) surfaces by stripes of self-assembled Ni adatoms, have been probed by STM, photoemission, and ab initio density functional theory calculations. These Ni-Rh nanowires have specific electronic properties that lead to a si…
Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, England, and York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5YW, England The concept of structural genomics arose in the mid to late 1990s in the USA and Japan as…
White patches of skin that appear early in the development of the shell-less mollusc, Aplysia californica, are composed of aggregations of vase-shaped vesicles, each a single, large cell with an enlarged nucleus. Two layers of collagen, at 90° to each other, surround the vesicle membrane, together with a non-contiguou…
This paper describes the developments, role and contributions of the NMR spectroscopy groups in the Structural Proteomics In Europe (SPINE) consortium. Focusing on the development of high-throughput (HTP) pipelines for NMR structure determinations of proteins, all aspects from sample preparation, data acquisition, dat…
The present study aims at contributing to a complete understanding of the water-induced ionic charge transport in cellulose. The behavior of this transport in loosely compacted microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder was investigated as a function of density utilizing a new type of measurement setup, allowing for diel…
X-ray diffraction experiments were performed to study the effect of forced solution flow on protein-crystal quality. The tetragonal crystals of hen egg white lysozyme were grown under flow in the rate range of 0 (quiescent condition) to 1000 μm/s. The quality of the crystals grown under flow was superior to that of cr…
Composites of polyaniline with nanocrystalline maghemite capped with oleic acid were synthesized at various maghemite loadings and their electrical and magnetic properties were studied from 5 to 300 K. Chemisorption of oleic acid by the surface iron atoms provided excellent dispersion of maghemite in organic solvents…
In this paper, we demonstrate the potential of chemical vapour transport and condensation in tuning the architecture of a series of MgO nanostructures through adjusting experimental parameters. Different oxygen partial pressures lead to corresponding well-faceted nanostructures, such as nanowires, cubes, orthogonally…