Materials Literature
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Viewing angle switching from a wide viewing angle to a narrow viewing angle has been studied. Conventional multidomain vertical alignment (VA) mode offers the advantages of a high contrast ratio (CR) not only in the front view but also in the wide viewing directions only if compensation films such as a negative C plat…
Specific-heat measurements are reported near the Curie temperature (TC=320K) on triglycine sulfate. Measurements were made on crystals whose surfaces were either nongrounded or short circuited, and were carried out in magnetic fields up to 9T and electric fields up to 220V∕cm. In nongrounded crystals the authors find…
The interface of epitaxial (Pb0.35Sr0.65)TiO3 films on MgO substrates grown by pulsed laser ablation was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cross-section TEM studies revealed that the epitaxial films have a lattice mismatch of −6.2% with respect to the substrates. Electron diffraction pattern and hi…
Significant differences in the luminescence properties of dibenzoylmethanate and ditoluylmethanate of boron difluoride bulk crystals and microcrystals were detected. The size-dependent blue-to-green colour change of the luminescence is connected with the band intensity redistribution of monomer and excimer luminescenc…
Homogeneous MnxGe1−x ferromagnetic semiconductor films with high Mn concentration were prepared, contrasting with dilute inhomogeneous MnxGe1−x magnetic semiconductors. The saturation magnetization of Mn0.57Ge0.43 films is high, up to 327emu∕cm3 (1.04μB∕Mn) at 5K, and the Curie temperature is about 213K. The Mn0.57Ge0…
Visible blue-green light emission metastable γ-Ga2O3 quantum dots were prepared, and the light emission is clearly visible to the naked eyes. The UV-visible spectra present a blueshift phenomenon of the absorption edge as the particle sizes decrease; the fitted result of UV-visible data by Tauc function shows that the…
Ring a ring of benzenes: An unsubstituted N-confused metalloporphyrin forms both C3- and C1-symmetric trimers in solution, whereas its monophenyl-substituted analogue forms exclusively C3-symmetric trimers (see picture) owing to significant stabilizing noncovalent interactions between the three phenyl groups, as evalu…
The amyloid-like fibril is a biomolecular nanowire template of very high stability. Here we describe the coordination of a conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly(thiophene acetic acid) (PTAA), to bovine insulin fibrils with widths of <10 nm and lengths of up to more than 10 microm. Fibrils complexed with PTAA are aligned on…
The authors report on an interaction between chalcogenide phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 and a thin Ti adhesion layer considered for integration into a structure of a memory cell. Segregation of Te atoms in the chalcogenide film to the interface drives an interaction between Ti and Te atoms and formation of Ti–Te bin…
In this investigation, Cu/dielectric-cap interface and Cu/cap/liner edge were studied in detail to identify the dominant path in electromigration stressed via-fed test structures that represent the dual damascene architectures in Cu metallization. The impact of the electron wind force on void evolution, agglomeration…
Proximity effect on field-effect characteristic in double-wall carbon nanotubes is investigated. In a semiconductor-metal double-wall carbon nanotube, the penetration of electron wave functions in the metallic shell to the semiconducting shell turns the original semiconducting shell into a metal where the local densit…
A scalable synthesis of core/shell capsules by the heat treatment of polyelectrolyte-multilayer-particle reactors, in which metal nanoparticles are embedded (see figure), is demonstrated. Using this method, it is possible to prepare a wide variety of core/shell structures from a variety of materials, and to control th…
The effect of (Li,Ce) substitution for A site on the properties of Na0.25K0.25Bi2.5Nb2O9-based ceramics was investigated. The piezoelectric activity of Na0.25K0.25Bi2.5Nb2O9-based ceramics is significantly improved by the modification of lithium and cerium. The Curie temperature (TC) gradually increases from 668to684°…
Two cylinder-shaped ultrasonic motors 4.8mm in diameter were developed. This kind of motor was driven by four pieces of piezoelectric materials, which were used to excite the two first-bending vibrations. Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–PbTiO3 (PMNT) crystal and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ceramic piezoelectric materials were used as drive el…
The authors show that a carbon nanotube p-n diode is a very sensitive probe of optical transitions in individual single-walled carbon nanotubes. In the photocurrent spectra, an alternating sequence of resonant peaks from dissociation of excitons and exciton-phonon bound states, for the lowest and higher electronic sub…
A significantly improved nanocomposite strength is reported for patterned laminated carbon nanotube (CNT)/copper composites produced by alternate dip-coating and electroplating. It is shown that a high volume percentage of CNTs can be incorporated into a variety of matrices without any agglomeration. Microtensile test…
In this letter it is theoretically discussed the magnetocaloric effect under applied pressure and the barocaloric effect under applied magnetic field in compounds undergoing a first order magnetic phase transition. The theoretical findings of this letter point out that the magnetocaloric effect upon simultaneous varia…
Abstract A series of copolymers with various compositions were synthesized by one‐step and two‐step bulk ring‐opening polymerizations of L ‐lactide (LA) and ε ‐caprolactone (CL) using stannous octoate [Sn(Oct) 2 ] and 1‐hexanol as the initiating system. For the sequential two‐step polymerization, a poly( ε ‐caprolacto…
Soil can become extremely water repellent following forest fires or oil spillages, thus preventing penetration of water and increasing runoff and soil erosion. Here the authors show that evaporation of a droplet from the surface of a hydrophobic granular material can be an active process, lifting, self-coating, and se…
This work explores size-induced lattice modification and its relevance to photoluminescence properties of scheelite nanostructures. CaWO4 nanocrystals, a prototype scheelite compound, exhibited a lattice expansion and an increased symmetry of structural units with physical dimension reduction, which is in contradictio…