Materials Literature
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Assignment of the component bands in the infrared spectrum of tremolite containing A(Na,K) and TAl shows that the nontremolite components in the crystal are not randomly distributed throughout the structure but show extreme short-range order. Na and K at the A site are locally associated with Al at an adjacent Tl site.
Tensile properties of a cross‐ply glass‐ceramic composite were investigated by conducting fracture, creep, and fatigue experiments at both room temperature and high temperatures in air. The composite consisted of a barium magnesium aluminosilicate (BMAS) glass‐ceramic matrix reinforced with SiC fibers with a SiC/BN co…
In Escherichia coli, isochorismate is a common precursor for the biosynthesis of the siderophore enterobactin and menaquinone (vitamin K2). Isochorismate is formed by the shikimate pathway from chorismate by the enzyme isochorismate synthase encoded by the entC gene. Since enterobactin is involved in the aerobic assim…
A layered material, B${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$N, has huge polymorphic structures which depend on the atomic arrangements. In order to investigate the relation between the vibrational properties of monolayer B${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$N systems and their intralayer atomic arrangements, the lattice vibrations of various polymorphic st…
Radiographic contrast agents are associated with a number of adverse effects, including central nervous system effects and seizures. Almost all contrast agents are primarily filtered and excreted by the kidneys, and they accumulate in patients with end-stage renal disease. Brain retention of contrast associated with h…
Abstract Offscraped strata within the toe of Nankai accretionary prism display an overall facies pattern of thickening and coarsening upward. Detrital clay minerals within the Quaternary trench-wedge facies are dominated by illite; chlorite is the second-most abundant clay mineral, followed by smectite. Relative miner…
The equilibrium of dissociated dislocations is discussed in terms of intrinsic material properties such as the ideal stacking fault energy (ideal SFE) and the stacking fault (SF) strain. The ideal SFE is defined as the energy per unit area of an infinitely extended SF in an ideal infinite crystal. The effective SFE is…
The cohesive properties of some actinide metals (thorium, protoactinium and uranium), and of their oxides ThO2 and UO2, were studied by means of the linear muffin-tin orbital method in the atomic sphere approximation. This method gives accurate predictions of the stability of the close-packed structures, but it is fou…
Symmetrically configured a.c. light-emitting (SCALE) ‘5-layer’ devices having the configuration M/EB/P/EB/ITO, where M = Al, Cu or Au, EB = polyaniline (emeraldine base), P = poly(2,5-dihexadecanoxy phenylene vinylene pyridyl vinylene) or PPV-PPyV, and ITO = indium-tin oxide glass, show electroluminescent properties i…
Spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) polymers, which are believed to have two‐ and three‐dimensional structures, have been studied and the results are reported. The spectral bands are shifted and a significant band broadening is observed as expected. The cyclic voltammetric resu…
We report measurements of the thermopower of the single-crystal manganite perovskite ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{b})}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ from 4.2 to 350 K at zero and finite magnetic field. The sign and…
An interfacial diffusion method was devised to reduce insulation thickness by improving the interfacial properties of XLPE cable insulation. This method is based on a proposed concept of the facilitation of oriented lamellar growth at the interface by addition of special ingredients to the semiconducting layer, which…
Poly{4,4′-(1-methylethylidene)bisphenylene 3-[4-(4-nitrophenylazo)phenyl]-3-aza-pentanedioate} (pMNAP) was synthesized through the condensation polymerization of 4,4′-isopropylidene-bis-phenol and N-[4-(4-nitrophenylazo)phenyl]imido diacetyl chloride. The polymer solution in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was spin-coated onto…
A Zn–22 wt-% Al alloy was superplastically deformed in the optimal range to obtain experimental evidence based on scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy for mesoscopic grain/interphase boundary sliding and plane interface formation that facilitates the cooperative boundary sliding process. It was seen…
The free surface of a cholesteric oligomer, examined by Atomic Force Microscopy, shows a periodic relief that is in relation to the half helical pitch. A thorough discussion of this relief and of the structure of the interfacial region which result from the interplay between the surface tension and the anchoring and d…
Abstract Two computer codes for simulating the backscattered, transmitted, and secondary‐electron signals from targets in a scanning electron microscope are described. The first code, MONSEL‐II, has a model target consisting of three parallel lines on a three‐layer substrate, while the second, MONSEL‐III, has a model…
Light-induced molecule reorientation in dye-doped liquid crystals has been applied to nonlinear spatial filtering of periodic patterns. Photoisomerization of azo-dye molecules leads to local alignment changes in the liquidcrystal molecules because of interaction among the molecules. Consequently the polarization of tr…
Electrical currents trigger oxidation or reduction reactions in conducting polymers. Changes in volume associated with these redox processes can be transformed into macroscopic movements of more than 180° by the construction of a bilayer: polypyrrole-flexible and inactive polymer (artificial muscle). The effects of th…
Factors affecting the self‐discharge rate of a nickel/metal‐hydride (Ni‐MH) battery, generally much higher than that of nickel/cadmium (Ni‐Cd) battery, are investigated, and the self‐discharge mechanism is discussed. Ammonia and amine participate in the shuttle reaction like nitrate ion in the Ni‐Cd battery, resulting…
Functional organic dyes provide a direct link between electronics and optics. The supramolecular packing of a given chromophore plays an important role in the functional properties of a material. A highly substituted, soluble quinacridone (see Figure) is presented for which the aggregation process can be directly prob…