Materials Literature
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Pure Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction method. In order to find the relationship between the ferroelectric properties and oxygen vacancies, we changed the concentration of oxygen vacancies inside the ceramics through different processes of oxygen treatment. Ferroelectric meas…
A recent review of some of the data used revealed some errors.Specifically, the calculation of the hydrolysis and condensation rate constants are incorrect by roughly a factor of 2, because the starting molarity used for trimethylethoxysilane was actually 2 M, rather than the 4 M that was used in our calculations.Furt…
Expanded ensemble density-of-states simulations and a connectivity altering algorithm are used to investigate the effective interactions that arise between nanoparticles suspended in polymer solutions. Our calculations with systems of long polymeric chains reveal oscillations in the effective polymer-induced interacti…
Nass oder trocken: Filme aus Titandioxid-Nanostäbchen mit mikro- und nanoskaligen hierarchischen Oberflächenstrukturen (links) sind superhydrophob (Mitte), sie werden aber reversibel superhydrophil (rechts), wenn sie UV-Licht ausgesetzt werden. Dieser Wechsel beruht auf einer Kooperation der speziellen Oberflächenstru…
Effect of thermal diffusion of indium in ZnO thin films, prepared using spray pyrolysis technique, is discussed. ZnO:In films were characterized using different techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence, electrical resistivity measurements, and optical absorption and transmission. The XRD analysis…
This work reports the first complete FTIR characterization of H2, N2 and C2H4 molecular complexes formed on the Cr(II) sites in the Phillips catalyst. The use of a silica aerogel as support for Cr(II) sites, substituting the conventional aerosil material, allowed us to obtain a remarkable increase in the signal-to-noi…
OBJECTIVES: To design an in-situ gelling hydrogel capable of solidifying rapidly under physiologic conditions into a hydrogel capable of adhering tissue surfaces together. DESIGN: Multifunctional polymers containing covalently bound peptide substrates of transglutaminase were designed. EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLE: Enzyme cr…
Relaxor ferroelectrics near the morphotropic phase boundary were prepared by pressureless sintering at various temperatures in order to study the influence of grain size on phase composition and electrical properties. Investigations of the microstructure indicate an increase in grain size from 0.5to3.7μm when the sint…
Raman scattering (RS) from semiconductor nanostructures provide excellent information on the size of the crystallites. Processing history of most nanocrystalline semiconductors suggests natural incorporation of a distribution of crystallite sizes. In this paper, we report on the influence of crystallite size distribut…
The use of magnesium in motor vehicles today and in future depends on numerous technical and economical factors, though the cost factor is essential. How might use of magnesium in vehicles develop, what prerequisites are necessary, what R&D efforts are required These questions will be addressed as follows based on…
A 1.54-μm emission from erbium-doped sol-gel SiO2 was strongly enhanced by doping Au nanoparticles. The enhancement factor depended on Au concentration and was the largest at the concentration of 1.0mol%. The photoluminescence enhancement was accompanied by the lengthening of the lifetime, suggesting that the enhancem…
La (1 - x ) Sr ( x ) PO 4 materials are very stable at high temperature and water vapor partial pressure and they show protonic conductivity; thus, they could be used as electrolytes in HTPFCs (high-temperature protonic fuel cells), hydrogen sensors, and hydrogen separation technology. This work describes the combusti…
A two-dimensional (2D) subwavelength nanostructure for antireflection coating is fabricated upon a transparent substrate. Self-assembled 2D colloidal crystals are used as a nanoscale composite material with controlled thickness and low refractive index. The feature size of the structure is approximately 105 nm. The st…
The elastic strain of lead-free relaxor K0.5Na0.5NbO3–SrTiO3 ceramic system, induced by applied electric fields with amplitudes up to 40kV∕cm, has been investigated. The strain response, being similarly low (order of 10−5) as in the classical lead magnesium niobate relaxor, is shown to be of solely electrostrictive or…
Graphite and single-wall carbon nanotubes irradiated by γ rays of energy of 1.3 MeV were investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Irradiation generates defects in the lattice as confirmed by the increase of the intensity of the defect-induced D line in both materials. On the other hand, the intensity of the radial breathin…
Photoresponsive gold nanoparticle networks were prepared by functionalizing them with azobenzene derivatives. A network can be formed when a linker molecule constituting the azobenzene moiety suitably derivatized on either side with gold surface sensitive groups such as thiols and amines is added to the nanoparticle s…
A series of salicylic acid-derived poly(anhydride-esters) were synthesized by melt polym erization methods, in which the structures of the molecule ("linker") linking together the two salicylic acids were varied. To determine the relationship between the linker and the physical properties of the corresponding poly(anh…
Spatio-temporal growth of isotactic polystyrene single crystals during isothermal crystallization has been investigated theoretically based on the phase field model by solving temporal evolution of a nonconserved phase order parameter coupled with a heat conduction equation. In the description of the total free energy…
Metal sols are often stabilized in solution by the presence of a charged double layer surrounding each colloidal nanoparticle that produces a coulomb barrier to aggregation. The nanoparticles can be induced to aggregate by replacing the charged surface species by uncharged adsorbate. We present a simple analysis that…
The nature of strain-induced crystallization in vulcanized polyisoprene rubbers was investigated by in situ synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction under varying thermomechanical conditions. In particular, the methods of constrained cooling and constrained heating under constant strain were used to explore the relati…