Materials Literature
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This article discusses different natural and man-made foams, with particular emphasis on the different modes of formation and stability. Natural foams, such as those produced on the sea or by numerous creatures for nests, are generally stabilised by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) molecules or proteins. In addition to…
A laboratory investigation of the geotechnical properties of a marine clay saturated with a series of monovalent, divalent, and trivalent cations revealed large differences in behavior which depend on the exchangeable cations. The exchangeable cations employed in this study are sodium (Na), potassium (K), ammonium (NH…
High and steep lightning surge voltages sometimes cause the electrical punctures of suspension insulators. Microscopic analysis clarifies the electrical breakdown mechanism of the ceramic material. V-t characteristics of the insulators are closely examined. The chance of a puncture depends on the dimensions of the ins…
This paper studies a vectorial problem in the calculus of variations arising in the theory of martensitic microstructure. The functional has an integral representation where the integrand is a non-convex function of the gradient with exactly four minima. We prove that the Young measure corresponding to a minimizing se…
The paper sets out to describe how it is essential that product development and implementation are undertaken on a joint partnership basis, between supplier and manufacturer from concept stage; this is to ensure that coated steels and associated substrates developed will meet the design and manufacture requirements, t…
RuO 2 thin films have been grown on (100)MgO substrates by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) measurements showed that the RuO 2 thin film were (110) oriented and in-plane ordered (epitaxially grown). The electrical and optical prop…
The magnetostriction of the Ising antiferromagnet DyCrO 3 during metamagnetic transitions induced by a magnetic field applied along the a and b axes of the crystal is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The magnetostriction measurements performed in the temperature range 1.5–4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 3…
Abstract Laboratory weight loss and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization corrosion tests were performed on two types of corrosion resistant alloys, a duplex alloy (ferritic‐austenitic stainless steel) and two austenitic stainless steels, in mixtures of chloride (3000, 9000 and 15000 ppm) and fluoride (4800 and 15000 pp…
Breakdown characteristics have been investigated for low-density polyethylene immersed in silicone oil by applying power-frequency ac voltages with high-frequency components, which are simulated output voltages of a pulse-width-modulation inverter. It was found that the breakdown voltage decreases as the high-frequenc…
Structure of Layered Double Hydroxides and the reaction occurring during thermal treatments are investigated. The reaction is supposed to be a grafting reaction of interlamellar species onto layers but its mechanism is not well known. These materials display a very poor level of organisation and the study of their fin…
Cu+/(SiO2/Al2O3), Cu+/Al2O3 and Cu+/SiO2 catalysts were prepared by a combination of the ion-exchange method and thermovacuum treatment. In-situ XANES and EXAFS investigations of the catalysts have revealed that Cu+ ions are anchored onto Al2O3 or SiO2 as planar 3-coordinate Cu+, while being anchored onto SiO2/Al2O3 a…
Antiwear additives are added to engine oils in the form of Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDPs). They form an antiwear (tribochemical) film on the rubbing surfaces. High resolution P and S L-edge X-ray absorption near edge (XANES) spectroscopy has been used to characterize the chemical nature of the films formed unde…
The heat affected zone cracking-tendency of type 347 stainless steel was evaluated in five different samples of thick walled pipe or plate differing in Nb, C, and N content, Nb/(C + N) factor, P + S content, and base metal ferrite content. A combination of Gleeble hot ductility and spot varestraint tests, followed by…
The paper reports on the curing characteristics and mechanical properties of oil palm wood flour (OPWF) reinforced epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) composites. Three sizes of OPWF at different filler loadings were compounded with a two roll mill. The cure (t 90) and scorch times of all filler size decrease with increas…
This paper examines the behaviour of an Fe-Nd diffusion couple. Couples, in the form of a small flake of neodymium compacted into iron powder, were held at temperatures of 953, 993, 1053 and 1253 K, for periods of time between zero and 25 h. Composition profiles were obtained by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dis…
X-ray absorption measurements at the L-3 edge of Hg is solid and liquid Hg/Te have been performed under high-temperature and high-pressure up to 1000 K and 3 GPa using a large volume Paris-Edinburgh press. EXAFS spectra have been analyzed with GNXAS approach. The pressure dependencies of the nearest neighbor distance…
Abstract The title compounds were prepared by solid state reaction of the elemental components. Their crystal structures were determined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data. Ag 2 SiP 2 : 14̄2d, a = 652.75(5) pm, c = 855.0(1) pm, Z = 4, R = 0.024 for 611 structure factors and 14 variable parameters; AuSiP: R3…
The introduction of heavy particles (hadrons) into radiation therapy aims at improving the physical selectivity of the irradiation (e.g. proton beams), or the radiobiological differential effect (e.g. fast neutrons), or both (e.g. heavy ion beams). Each of these new therapy modalities requires several types of informa…
Abstract A variety of chemical reactions lead to the oxidative deterioration of polymers upon processing and during end‐use of plastic articles. To inhibit the autoxidation cycle, stabilizers interfering at the various steps of the degradation are needed. Complex stabilizer systems which are able to suppress oxidative…
Abstract The crystal structure, morphology and polymorphism induced by uniaxial drawing of poly(ether ether ketone ketone) [PEEKK] have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED) and wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). On the basis of WAXD and ED patterns, the crystal structure…