Materials Literature
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This review surveys the work developed in the field of functional hybrid materials, especially those containing conducting organic polymers (COPs), in combination with a variety of inorganic species, from molecular to extended phases, including clusters and nano-sized inorganic particles. Depending on the dominating s…
A method is presented for automated best-matching alignment of three-dimensional models represented by ensembles of points. A normalized spatial discrepancy (NSD) is introduced as a proximity measure between three-dimensional objects. Starting from an inertia-axes alignment, the algorithm minimizes the NSD; the final…
Recent developments in conjugated-polymer-based photovoltaic elements are reviewed. The photophysics of such photoactive devices is based on the photo-induced charge transfer from donor-type semiconducting conjugated polymers to acceptor-type conjugated polymers or acceptor molecules such as Buckminsterfullerene, C60.…
The book develops the modern theory of ferroelectricity in terms of soft modes and lattice dynamics and also describes modern techniques of measurement, including X-ray, optic, and neutron scattering, infrared absorption, and magnetic resonance. It includes a discussion of the related phenomena of antiferroelectricity…
The effect of film thickness on the water-sorption behaviors of poly(3,4′-oxydiphenylene pyromellitimide) (PMDA-3,4′ODA) films was gravimetrically investigated and interpreted with a Fickian diffusion model in films. The diffusion coefficient increased with increasing film thickness, whereas the water uptake and the a…
The new mineral schiavinatoite (Nb, Ta) BO 4 , the niobium analogue of behierite, has been found in a boronrich pegmatite at Antsongombato, south of Betafo, in the Malagasy Republic, as portions of a greyish-pink bipyramidal crystal of Nb-rich behierite. Associated minerals are rhodizite, liddicoatite, spodumene, poll…
Preparation of pendent-type viologens on polymeric substrates was carried out by a surface graft copolymerization technique. This method involved a two-step process whereby vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) was first graft copolymerized on the polymeric substrate followed by the attachment of viologen moieties to the graft-…
Self-assembly of ionic surfactants resulting in micelle formation is studied using off-lattice Monte Carlo simulation in two dimensions (2D). We find that in addition to the Lennard-Jones (LJ) interaction, which acts among all of the particles, a screened Coulomb interaction, acting only among the surfactant heads, ma…
Paganoite, ideally NiBi 3+ As 5+ O 5 , triclinic space group P1, a = 6.7127(8), b = 6.8293(8), c = 5.2345(6) A, α = 107.625(2)°, β = 95.409(2)°, γ = 111.158(2)°, V = 207.62 A 3 , a:b:c: = 0.9829:1:0.7665, Z = 2, is a new mineral found on a single nickeline-veined quartz specimen from Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, German…
After x-ray irradiation at 20 K, an intrinsic O - centre was identified by ESR and ENDOR spectroscopy as the self-trapped hole centre in ZnWO 4 . Observation of one Zn and two strong W superhyperfine interactions allows us to distinguish between two possible trapping sites: the hole resides at the B-type oxygen positi…
Alternate polyelectrolyte multilayers composed of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) in the alpha-helical state and poly(maleic acid-co-alpha-methylstyrene) (PMA-MS) were deposited by consecutively adsorbing from aqueous solutions on both unmodified and unidirectionally scratched silicon substrates. Thereby, the alpha-helical PLL r…
A library of inorganic complexes with reversible redox chemistry and/or the ability to catalyze homogeneous oxidations by peroxides, including but not limited to combinations of polyoxometalate anions and redox-active cations, was constructed. Evaluation of library members for the ability to catalyze aerobic sulfoxida…
The axial reactivity of peripherally octasubstituted soluble silicon(IV) phthalocyanines (SiPcZ 8, Z = OC 5 H 11 or Z = C 5 H 11 ) was studied in order to explore new synthetic routes for preparing axially functionalized SiPc monomers and dimers. Self-exchange of the axial methoxide in methylmethoxy SiPcZ 8 was about…
Chemical modification and blending of polymers in an extruder reactor are discussed. Relationships between the parameters affecting the reaction kinetics, viz., mixing time, duration of a chemical reaction and the residence time of the system in the extruder reactor, and the structure of the materials produced are ana…
Triplet excitation transport occurring in the columnar liquid crystalline phase of a triphenylene derivative at room temperature is studied by transient absorption spectroscopy with nanosecond resolution. The properties of the triplet excitons are evidenced by doping the mesophase with different concentrations of 2,4,…
The kinetics and mechanism of formate synthesis by hydrogenation of CO 2 (CO 2 + 1/2H 2 → HCOO a ) and the formate decomposition into CO 2 and H 2 (HCOO a → CO 2 + 1/2H 2 ) over Cu(111) and Cu(110) surfaces were studied by in-situ infrared reflection−absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) using a high-pressure reactor (∼1 atm…
Microbially prepared polypentapeptides were cross-linked by two chemical methods. In one chemical approach, (GVGIP)(260) where G = glycine, V = valine, I = isoleucine, and P = proline with no functional groups in its side chains, was cross-linked using dicumyl peroxide, and reaction conditions were systematically exam…
The synthesis of silicon nanoclusters and their characterization by multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is presented. A combination of 23 Na, 29 Si, and 13 C magic angle spinning with and without cross polarization to 1 H nuclei have been used to investigate the reaction of sodium silicide (NaSi)…
We report the results of {11}B nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of SrB_{6} and Ca_{0.995}La_{0.05}B_{6} below room temperature. Although the electrical resistivities of these two materials differ substantially, their {11}B-NMR responses exhibit some strikingly common features. Both materials exhibit ferro…
The results of large-scale simulations investigating the dynamics of magnetization reversal in arrays of single-domain nanomagnets after a rapid reversal of the applied field at nonzero temperature are presented. The numerical micromagnetic approach uses the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation including contributions fro…