Materials Literature
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We conducted a series of experiments examining the effect of polymer stability on FtsZ localization dynamics in Bacillus subtilis. A loss-of-function mutation in ezrA, a putative polymer-destabilizing factor, suppresses the defects in FtsZ polymer stability associated with minCD overexpression. In addition, a mutation…
Chemically grafted tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl (sub)monolayers [tris(TMS)] were prepared on the native oxide of silicon by vapor-phase reaction of the corresponding monochlorosilane at elevated temperatures. By exploiting the inherently sluggish kinetics of the silanization reaction, the grafting density of the tris(TM…
We have carried out high temperature x-ray diffraction studies on (Pb1−xBax)ZrO3(PBZ) to correlate the large thermal hysteresis (∼100 °C for x=0.05) and irreversibility (for x=0.10) of the antiferroelectric (AFE)–ferroelectric (FE) phase transition observed in dielectric measurements with structural changes. It is sho…
Magnetization measurements and neutron diffraction experiments were carried out on single crystals of Ba 2 (Zn 1- x Mg x ) 2 Fe 12 O 22 , where x is the Mg concentration ranging from x =0 to 1.0. The Fe ions present in the octahedral sites have a tendency to decrease with increasing x . The configuration of Fe magneti…
We investigated a series of mono-niobium carbide clusters, NbCn− (n=2–7), using anion photoelectron spectroscopy. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra were observed for NbC2− and NbC3−, which were both shown to have cyclic C2v structures. Two isomers were observed for NbC4− and NbC5−. The weak and low electron…
A telechelic poly(epsilon-caprolactone) having a degree of polymerization (DP) around 25 and two 4-aminobenzoyl chain ends was used as a macroinitiator for the ring-opening polymerization of various alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs). Glycine-NCA, L-alanine-NCA, L-phenylalanine-NCA, and gamma-benzyl-L-glutama…
Fire is a world-wide problem which claims lives and causes significant loss of property. Some of the problems are discussed and the solution delineated. This peer-reviewed volume is designed to be as the state-of-the-art. This chapter provides a perspective for current work.
Polarization reversal and domain dynamics have been investigated in 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3) O3–0.3PbTiO3 using a method of current transients. Investigations were performed as a function of applied electric field. The kinetics of the transients have been modeled to an equation of state for heterogeneous nucleation in the vi…
In the beta-proteobacterium Azoarcus evansii, the aerobic metabolism of 2-aminobenzoate (anthranilate), phenylacetate, and benzoate proceeds via three unprecedented pathways. The pathways have in common that all three substrates are initially activated to coenzyme A (CoA) thioesters and further processed in this form.…
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Highly oriented lead–zirconium–titanate (PZT) thin films have been grown by reactive rf-magnetron sputtering using multielemental metallic targets. The effects of deposition parameters on the film composition and texture evolution have been established. The partial pressure of oxygen (O2) and the heating rates during…
The results of the studies on the effect of rare earth Nd doping on the phase formation behavior and electrical properties of sol-gel derived Pb1.05(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) thin films are presented. The perovskite phase is obtained up to 5 at. % doping and beyond that pyrochlore phase was found to coexist with the perov…
Pb 1.2 Zr 1−x Ti x ) O 3 (PZT) films with a variety of compositions were prepared by spin coating on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate with sol–gel processing. The roles of composition (phase) and orientation in ferroelectric properties of PZT films have been determined. The Zr-rich PZT films with (111)-oriented PZT films have…
Adherent and uniform nanostructured mesoporous films of selenium have been produced by electrodeposition from the hexagonal liquid-crystalline phase of a nonionic surfactant. The regular nanostructure consists of 25-Å diameter cylindrical pores distributed on a long-ranged hexagonal lattice. Electron diffraction revea…
The reduction in H 2 /CH 4 atmosphere of aluminum−iron oxides produces metal particles small enough to catalyze the formation of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Several experiments have been made using the same temperature profile and changing only the maximum temperature (800−1070 °C). Characterizations of the cataly…
As in the combinatorial approach to materials discovery, pressure tuning allows the phase space of interaction parameters that determine materials’ properties to be explored more rapidly than by traditional means. Both the thermoelectric power and electrical conductivity of BaBiTe3 are found to increase upon compressi…
(3-Glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) derived hybrid organic−inorganic materials have been obtained by a new multistep nonhydrolytic/hydrolytic synthesis. The new synthesis has been achieved using titanium(IV) chloride instead of titanium alkoxides to catalyze the epoxy ring opening in the organically modified a…
Ruthenium is known to improve the CO tolerance of platinum based fuel cell catalysts, but the mechanism is unclear. Some investigators believe that the main role of ruthenium is to dissociate water, and thereby provide a faster route for the oxidation of CO. Other investigators believe that ruthenium changes the elect…
Alloying metals is often used as an effective way to enhance the reactivity of surfaces. Aiming to shed light on the effect of alloying on reaction mechanisms, we carry out a comparative study of CO oxidation on Cu3Pt(111), Pt(111), and Cu(111) by means of density functional theory calculations. Alloying effects on th…
This study deals with the effects of expandable graphite (EG) on the mechanism of degradation of polyurethane (PU). We have shown that the mechanism of expansion of the graphite is due to oxidation of the carbon layer by H 2 SO 4, rather than its decomposition, as previously suggested in the literature. On the other h…