Materials Literature
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Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory have made significant contributions to our understanding of metal oxides, their surfaces, and the binding of molecules at these surfaces. In this paper we investigate the binding of methanol at the alpha-Al2O3(0001) surface using first-principles density func…
Stress enhanced self-diffusion of Copper on the $Σ$3 twin grain boundary was examined with molecular dynamics simulations. The presence of uniaxial tensile stress results in a significant reduction in activation energy for grain-boundary self-diffusion of magnitude 5 eV per unit strain. Using a theoretical model of po…
We find that giant surface-enhanced Raman scattering for adsorbates on silver surfaces is present only on surfaces that exhibit self-similar fractal topology as inferred from atomic force microscopy. The fractal character results in localizing the energy of incident photons to volumes of a few nanometers on a side, mi…
▪ Abstract Recently, a number of papers about direct oxidation of methane and hydrocarbon in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) at relatively low temperatures (about 700°C) have been published. Even though the conversion of almost dry CH 4 at 1000°C on ceramic anodes was demonstrated more than 10 years ago, the reports abo…
We have performed in-plane transport measurements on the two-dimensional organic salt $\ensuremath{\kappa}\mathrm{\text{\ensuremath{-}}}(\mathrm{B}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{\text{\ensuremath{-}}}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{F}{)}_{2}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{C}\mathrm{N}{)}_{2}]\mathrm{C}\math…
▪ Abstract Several recent experimental and numerical investigations have contributed to the improved understanding of the electrochemical mechanisms taking place at solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathodes and yielded valuable information on the relationships between alterable parameters (geometry/material) and the catho…
The ability to modify the surface of carbon nanotubes is of crucial importance for their utilization in different applications. In the present paper we report on the chemical modification of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) by means of epoxide-based functional groups. MWNT were first carboxylated along their walls.…
We report our experimental studies of surface-related emission in highly luminescent CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with controlled quantum yield and photooxidation by time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. This kind of surface-related emission, with a radiative lifetime of tens of nanoseconds, implies the involvement…
Magic bubbles: ZnSe semiconductor microspheres aggregated from nanocrystals of tunable size have been successfully synthesized for the first time by use of gas bubbles. Based on the interior nanocrystal size and structure, the as-obtained samples exhibit different colors.
▪ Abstract After a brief survey of fuel cell types, attention is focused on material requirements for SOFC and PEMFC stacks, with an introductory section on materials technology for reformers. Materials cost and processing, together with durability issues, are emphasized as these now dominate materials selection proce…
▪ Abstract The performance of the oxide-ion electrolyte of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is critical to the development of an intermediate-temperature system. Although yttria-stabilized zirconia is the electrolyte used in SOFCs under commercial development, other candidate materials are now available, and there remai…
▪ Abstract This account reviews the discovery, synthesis, properties, and the latest research advances of carbon nanotubes developed over the past 12 years. Because of their remarkable electronic and mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes are unique and exciting. The field has been developed rapidly, and the number o…
Homogeneous and dense arrays of ZnO nanowires were synthesized on silicon wafers (and many other substrates) using a mild solution process at 90 °C. Uniform ZnO nanocrystals were deposited to act as seeds for subsequent hydrothermal nanowire growth, which yielded single-crystalline ZnO nanowires grown along the [0001]…
▪ Abstract The structural and chemical parameters determining the formation and mobility of protonic defects in oxides are discussed, and the paramount role of high-molar volume, coordination numbers, and symmetry are emphasized. Symmetry also relates to the structural and chemical matching of the acceptor dopant. Y-d…
Raphionacme Harv. is a genus of mostly geophytic herbaceous plants, numbering 37 species and, with the exception of one species, all endemic to Africa. In southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland) a total of 16 species are recognised by the present author, although no less than 27 specie…
Ground powders of Nd 2 Fe 14 B sintered magnets (particle size = 46–125 µm in diameter) were coated and alloyed by sorbing Yb metal vapor at 550–850°C. A significant recovery of remanence ( B r ), coercivity ( H cj ) and maximum energy product (( B H ) max ) values was observed in the resulting Yb/Nd 2 Fe 14 B powders…
The dielectric response of the mixed crystal system, (CH3NH3)5Bi2Cl7.26Br3.74 (MAPCBB34) and (CH3NH3)5Bi2Cl6.6Br4.4 (MAPCBB40), in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 1 GHz is investigated in the vicinity of para-ferroelectric phase transition. The ferroelectric phase transition temperatures (Tc) found for MAPCBB34…
EUROPEAN resin producer DSM Composite Resins has developed a carbon fibre sheet moulding compound (SMC) for use in making low weight semi-structural and structural automotive components. This is a short news story only. Visit www.reinforcedplastics.com for the latest plastics industry news.
Abstract Cyclic voltammetry was employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of numerous cyclopentadienyliron (CpFe + ) and pentamethyl‐cyclopentadienylruthenium (Cp*Ru + ) coordinated oligomers and polymers. The electrochemical behavior of the iron systems indicated the cyclopentadienyliron complexes had isol…
High-voltage porcelain insulators are subjected through a series of ‘simulation’ and ‘accelerated aging’ tests in order to minimize the chances for line failure. Failure analyses conducted in the laboratory indicate that the damages are generally due to (i) local melting and evaporation of materials from the grain bou…