Materials Literature
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Electrolessly deposited materials were investigated as possible diffusion barrier layers for multilayer microelectronic structures. Attention was focused on selective deposition of barrier layers on various surfaces, the barrier's capability to inhibit Cu diffusion, changes in Cu resistivity caused by barrier material…
Theoretical electronic structure studies on ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{n}$ $(n=2--8)$ clusters have been carried out using a linear-combination-of-atomic-orbitals--molecular-orbital approach within the density-functional formalism. It is shown that ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{3}$ have energetically close ferromagneti…
Comprehensive study on electronic and magnetic properties has been performed for doped manganite near the phase boundary of the antiferromagnetic metallic (AFM) state, with changing the nominal hole concentration $x$ and the one-electron bandwidth $W$. In ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}…
Hydrogen-induced changes on the electronic and structural properties of amorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx:H) prepared by ion beam assisted deposition are investigated by x-ray photoelectron, ultraviolet photoelectron, infrared, and Raman spectroscopies. Two series of specimen are studied: films with a constant nitrogen…
Erosion is regarded as a result of the periodic loading of a surface with spherical waves generated at the sites of the collapse of cavitation bubbles. One feature of cavitation loading is the formation of a zone of intense failure at the center of the contact surface. Damage appears a consequence of the formation of…
Estimation of reference intensity ratios ( k i or RIR) can be made on the basis of an atomic scattering function. Tests of regression equations for 50 compounds that predict an approximate reference intensity ratio from the easily computed scattering function have shown usefulness in multicomponent semiquantitative X-…
Experimental solubilities are reported at 25.0°C for fluoranthene dissolved in 36 different organic nonelectrolyte solvents containing ester, ether, hydroxy, chloro, methyl, and tert-butyl functional groups. Results of these measurements are used to test the applications and limitations of expressions derived from Mob…
Molecular chain diffusion in polyethylene crystals is studied using carbon-13 NMR longitudinal relaxation. Conventional slow-cooled polyethylene samples have been treated by means of electron-beam irradiation in acetylene, which forms crosslinks mainly at the fold surfaces. Following saturation, these samples show a s…
Studies of the structure‐property relations in Pb 0.98 Nb 0.02 ‐ [(Zr 1‐ x Sn x ) 0.97 Ti 3 ] 1‐ z O 3 (PZST x /3/2) were performed for 0 < x < 0.50 by transmission electron microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, and electrically induced polarization and strain methods. As the tin content increased, a general sequ…
Strontium substituted lanthanum manganite La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 powder has been synthesized by solid state reaction method at 1673 K. X-ray diffraction shows that the material exists in a single phase having a perovskite-like structure. Some physical properties such as magnetization versus temperature and electrical transpor…
An explicit connection between the unoccupied single-particle states which are measured with electron energy loss or x-ray-absorption spectroscopy (EELS or XAS) and the occupied states which are involved in bonding is established by applying the force theorem to the tight-binding bond model. The resulting sum rule rel…
Interaction of cellulose with other polymers is reviewed from retrospective viewpoints, and future opportunities are discussed from prospective scopes. Previous investigations of the interaction of cellulose with other polymers and/or its existence in novel conformations include a brief overview of cellulose crosslink…
We study the effect of confinement on the phase behavior of a charge-stabilized colloidal suspension between two parallel charged plates. The electrostatic interaction of the counterions with the plates induces density inhomogeneity of the counterions. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that the external potential actin…
Upon irradiation with visible light (λ > 420 nm) in C 6 D 6 under Ar, dialkylsilicon porphyrins Si(TPP)R 2 (TPP = 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinato) (R = CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ( 1 ) and CH 2 TMS ( 2 )) reacted with nitroxy compounds, such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy (TEMPO), 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-…
The pyrolytic decomposition of triethyl phosphate (TEP) has been studied at one atmosphere, from 706 to 854 K, in an isothermal quartz-lined, 4.5-cm-ID turbulent flow reactor with residence times between 15 and 85 ms. TEP was initially present at levels between 30 and 125 ppm, in N2. CO was used as an internal standar…
An ab initio MP2/6-311++G** study has been performed to obtain geometries, binding energies and vibrational properties of HCN-HX H-bonded complexes with X = F, Cl, NC, CN and CCH. These MP2/6-311++G** results have revealed that: (i) the calculated H-bond lengths are in very good agreement with the experimental ones; (…
‘Natural’ platelets are planar defects in {001} planes found in natural type-IaA/B diamonds. ‘Man-made’ platelets are platelets formed in the laboratory by annealing type-IaA diamonds at temperatures over 2500°C. Careful study shows that the infrared (IR) spectra of the ‘man-made’ platelets are different from the IR s…
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching of III–V semiconductors has been used to fabricate unique structures in electronic and photonic devices, such as integral lenses on light-emitting diodes, gratings on laser structures, and through-wafer via connections in field-effect transistors. The advantages and characteristics o…
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the preparation and properties of SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 ceramics as capacitors and/or piezoelectric materials. Ordinarily fired (OF) samples were prepared by a conventional ceramic technique. Grain-oriented (GO) samples were prepared by the hot-forging method. High-density OF samp…
An analysis is given of the contribution of various crystal imperfections to the rocking widths of reflections and the divergence of the diffracted beams. The crystal imperfections are the angular spread of the mosaic blocks in the crystal, the size of the mosaic blocks and the variation in cell dimensions between blo…