Materials Literature
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We have investigated the resistive relaxation of a ${({\mathrm{La}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.6})}_{1.2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1.8}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ single crystal, in order to examine the slow dynamics of the field-induced insulator-to-metal transition of bilayered manganites. The temporal profiles observed in r…
Structural phase transformations of [110] electric-field-cooled $\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Mg}}_{1∕3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2∕3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}$-30%$\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PMN-30%PT) crystals have been performed by x-ray diffraction. A phase sequence of cubic $(C)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}$ tetragonal $(T)\ensure…
The modifications in the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2+x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Ga}$ by Ni doping have been studied using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. Ni $3d$-related electron states appear due to formation of Ni clus…
Using a combination of statistical mechanics and finite-element interpolation, we develop a coarse-grained (CG) alternative to molecular dynamics (MD) for crystalline solids at constant temperature. The new approach is significantly more efficient than MD and generalizes earlier work on the quasicontinuum method. The…
We discuss the roles of continuum linear elasticity and atomistic calculations in determining the formation volume and the strain energy of formation of a point defect in a crystal. Our considerations bear special relevance to defect formation under stress. The elasticity treatment is based on the Green's function sol…
We have studied in detail the electronic structure and magnetism in M (Mn and Cr)-doped semiconducting half-Heusler compounds FeVSb, CoTiSb and NiTiSn (XY x M 1− x Z) in a wide concentration range using the local-spin density functional method in the framework of the tight-binding linearized muffin tin orbital method…
A method for forming permanent three dimensional structures from colloidal particles using holographic optical trapping is described. Holographic optical tweezers (HOT) are used to selectively position charge stabilized colloidal particles within a flow cell. Once the particles are in the desired location an electroly…
This work compares the removal of bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) monolayers via 1) low-temperature liftoff from a "smart polymer," plasma polymerized poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (ppNIPAM), 2) enzymatic digestion, and 3) mechanical dissociation from ppNIPAM surfaces. We examine the surfaces after cell removal b…
FePt magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were functionalized with a mixed monolayer of poly(ethylene glycol)-terminated thiol and dopamine ligands. The resulting nanoparticles were soluble and stable in aqueous media, including water, ionic solutions, and cell culture medium. The surface thiol ligands are readily exchanged…
In this paper, we present the results of a detailed investigation of the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of chemically synthesized pure and Co-doped $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ powders using x-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,…
We demonstrate that individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can form ideal p-n junction diodes. An ideal behavior is the theoretical limit of performance for any diode, a highly sought after goal in all electronic materials development. We further elaborate on their properties by examining photovoltaic effec…
We report on the first demonstration of femtosecond x-ray absorption spectroscopy, made uniquely possible by the use of broadly tunable bending-magnet radiation from "laser-sliced" electron bunches within a synchrotron storage ring. We measure the femtosecond electronic rearrangements that occur during the photoinduce…
Gold nanorods have been stabilized, conjugated to antibodies, and characterized for biological applications. The stabilizing surfactant bilayer which surrounds gold nanorods was replaced by thiol terminated methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) so that the nanorods are stable in buffer solutions free of surfactant. Nanorod bio…
Abstract Thermogravimetric analysis, carried out in a pure oxygen flow both in isothermal and constant‐rate heating conditions, is proposed as an analytical technique for the estimation of thermal endurance parameters (the temperature index and halving interval) of polymeric materials, according to the short‐term proc…
The preparation of tetraselenafulvalene (TSF) from commercially available sodium acetylide in xylene-light mineral oil and selenium powder is described.
The United States military has undergone numerous changes since the end of the Cold War. Specifically, the U.S. Navy experienced a shift in the area of engagement from the “blue water” (water depth greater than 100m) to littoral regions of the world. The sea mines become the big threat in the naval operations. Within…
Abstract N ‐Butyl chitosans with different substitution degrees were prepared by solid–liquid heterogeneous reaction, varying the ratio of chitosan to butyl bromide. FTIR and free amino percentage analysis confirmed that the substitution reaction occurred primarily on NH 2 moieties. X‐ray diffraction results of the ch…
Abstract The fracture behavior and deformation mechanism of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene–octene copolymer (POE)/magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH) 2 ] ternary composites were investigated. The fracture behavior of the PP/POE/Mg(OH) 2 ternary composites was strongly influenced by the POE content. In the case of brittle fractur…
Abstract The stereocomplex formation between enantioselective poly(lactide) (PLA) homopolymers is well understood. In this report an attempt is made to analyze the influence on the self‐assembling of the stereocomplex of enantiomorphic PLA‐PEG di‐ and tri‐blocks in different solvents. Powder diffraction studies showed…
Abstract Donor‐ or acceptor‐substituted polythiophenes have many potential applications in optoelectronics. Fluorinated polythiophenes are particularly attractive because of the presence of fluorine, which can withdraw electrons and also improve polymer chemical stability. Because of the promising future of these poly…