Materials Literature
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The irreversible decay of the spontaneous polarization above the phase-transition temperature is a limiting factor in any application of ferroelectric crystals. Here we show that electric fields applied at high temperatures induce a preferred direction in the crystal which is stable even after repeated heating and coo…
Using rf magnetron sputtering, we have grown low resistivity (∼3×10−4 Ω cm), high transparency (>80%) indium–tin–oxide thin films with near zero stress on polyester substrates, near room temperature. We concluded from analysis of sputtered ions and atoms that bombardment by energetic (>70 eV) negative oxygen ions caus…
The high-frequency sound velocity ${v}_{\ensuremath{\infty}}$ of liquid water has been determined to densities of $1.37\text{ }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{3}}$ by inelastic x-ray scattering. In comparison to the hydrodynamic sound velocity ${v}_{0}$, the increase of ${v}_{\ensuremath{\infty}}$ with dens…
Silver-silica nanocomposites have been synthesized by an electrodeposition technique. Silver oxide layers have been grown on the silver particles by an oxidation treatment of the nanocomposites in the temperature range 478--653 K. Optical absorption spectra of films of these nanocomposites dispersed in polystyrene wer…
The extraction and separation of transition metals has been investigated using several inorganic adsorbents (silica gel, MCM-41, and aluminum oxide), modified with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as chelating ligands. The metal ions in aqueous solution were coordina…
Beam house processes (Beam house processes generally mean liming-reliming processes, which employ beam.) contribute more than 60% of the total pollution from leather processing. The use of lime and sodium sulfide is of environmental concern (1, 2). Recently, the authors have developed an enzyme-based dehairing assiste…
The segregation behavior in 3 and 10 mol % polycrystalline yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), calcined at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1600 °C, is characterized using low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). In order to be able to separate the Y and Zr LEIS signals, YSZ samples have been prepared using isotopically enrich…
We studied the effect of ion damage on the properties of 50 keV Ga+ focused ion beam fabricated lead-zirconate-titanate capacitors as a function of the ion dose. We observed significant modification in the chemical composition of the damaged layer due to loss of lead and oxygen, and gallium impurity accumulation. The…
A nanosized decacopper(II) cluster complex was synthesized using p-tert-butylthiacalix[6]arene as a ligand. In the complex, the calixarene assumes a "pinched cone" conformation and acts as an undecadentate ligand via six phenoxy oxygen and five sulfur atoms. The resulting pentacopper(II) subunits are connected by two…
The p-type GaN epilayers were prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and subsequently Mn+ ions implanted. The properties of Mn+ ions-implanted GaN epilayers were investigated by optical and magnetic measurements. The results of photoluminescence measurement show that optical transitions related to Mn appar…
A lamellar-structured crystalline polypyrrole (PPy) supramolecular assembly was prepared by surfactant templating, and the regularly linked amorphous PPy nanoparticles with tunable window sizes could play the role of crystalline lattices in the supramolecular assembly.
The electronic and magnetic structure of bulk NiO and the NiO(100) surface is calculated using density-functional theory (DFT) in the local-spin-density (LSD) approximation including self-interaction corrections. We calculate the exchange coupling constants in bulk NiO and at the NiO(100) surface and show that in the…
In this letter, we report the observation of ultraviolet light-induced change of excited charge-transfer band in nanocrystalline Y2O3:Eu3+, which is attributed to the rearrangements of local environments surrounding the Eu3+ ions in the near surface of nanoparticles.
In this article, we observe the optically pumped lasing from the high-quality nanocrystalline ZnO thin films obtained by thermal oxidation of ZnS thin films, which were grown on SiO2 substrates by low-pressure-metalorganic chemical vapor deposition technique. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicate that high-qua…
Using the local-density approximation, calculating the Hellmann-Feynman forces, and applying the direct method, the phonon-dispersion relations of cubic austenite, trigonal R, orthorhombic and monoclinic martensitic phases of the NiTi intermetallic compound have been derived. In the austenite phase we have found a sof…
In this work, the stationary and time-resolved electroluminescence (EL) properties of Si quantum dots embedded within a metal–oxide–semiconductor device are investigated. In particular, we measured the excitation cross section of Si nanocrystals under electrical pumping, finding a value of 4.7×10−14 cm2 which is two o…
Experimental frequency-dependent conductivity relaxation spectra of a number of molten, glassy, and crystalline ionic conductors that show both the presence of the near constant loss (NCL) and the cooperative ion hopping contribution are analyzed. On decreasing frequency, the NCL appears first but terminates at some f…
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and rheological measurements were performed on aqueous silk fibroin solutions extracted from the middle division of Bombyx mori silkworm over a wide range of polymer concentration C from 0.08 to 27.5 wt %. DLS results obtained in the dilute region of C less than 1 wt % are consistent wit…
In this paper, we investigate the low frequency Raman spectra of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT's) prepared by the electric arc method. Low frequency Raman modes are unambiguously identified on purified samples thanks to the small internal diameter of the MWNT's. We propose a model to describe these modes. They or…
We have studied the adsorption of Hg atoms onto gold and silver nanoparticles by optical spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Mercury adsorption induces a blue shift of the surface plasmon mode of gold and silver nanoparticles. Two tren…