Materials Literature
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Advanced fission and future fusion energy will require new high-performance structural alloys with outstanding properties that are sustained under long-term service in ultrasevere environments, including neutron damage producing up to 200 atomic displacements per atom and, for fusion, 2000 appm of He. Following a brie…
The intrinsic slow growth of nitrifying bacteria and their high sensitivity to environmental perturbations often result in cell growth inhibition by toxicants. Nanoparticles are of great concern to the environment because of their small size and high catalytic properties. This work sought to determine size-dependent i…
Since the invention of the pneumatic tire, fillers have played an important role in tire performance, alongside that of the polymer. The introduction of carbon black as a reinforcing filler early in the last century was possibly the most important single advance ever in tire technology. It provided about a 10-fold inc…
Nitrogen containing carbon nanotubes have been synthesized using a variety of templates. The hydrogen absorption capacity of these materials has been evaluated. The study shows that it is necessary to stabilize nitrogen in the carbon nanotube framework for reproducible hydrogen uptake. The role of nitrogen is to activ…
Abstract The thermal degradation behavior of poly (vinyl chloride), PVC, in presence of poly( N ‐acryloyl‐ N ′‐cyanoacetohydrazide), PACAH, has been studied using continuous potentiometric determination of the evolved HCl gas from the degradation process from one hand and by measuring the extent of discoloration of th…
Plant nutrient deficiency especially that of potassium (K) due to fixation and leaching losses poses problem in hydromorphic soils and highly weathered soils. We studied five soil profiles on the flood plain of River Niger for the distribution of potassium and their relationships with some soil properties. The propert…
Calmodulin (CaM) can bind to numerous proteins in several interaction modes. Recently a new mode of interaction was discovered, in which two CaM molecules form an X-shaped dimer and two binding sites to trap the CaM-binding domain (CBD) of calcineurin subunit A. However, the X-shaped CaM dimer alone without ligand has…
On the basis of a comparison of the dielectric normal mode relaxation times τ n of unentangled cis -1,4-polyisoprene, poly(propylene glycol), and polyoxybutylene with literature data for the shear viscosity η of polystyrene, atactic polypropylene, and polycarbonate from various sources, Ding and Sokolov [ Macromolecul…
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (10(2)-1.9 x 10(9) Hz) and specific heat measurements have been performed on nonyloxycyanobiphenyl (9OCB) in the isotropic (I), nematic (N), and smectic A (SmA) phases confined to 200 nm diameter parallel cylindrical pores of Anopore membranes. Untreated and HTBA-treated membranes hav…
Abstract A series of photoactive polyamides (PAs) containing acetoxynaphthalamide side chain with inherent viscosities of 0.27–0.56 dl g −1 were prepared by the direct polycondensation reaction of the 5‐(3‐acetoxynaphthoylamino)isophthalic acid with various commercially available diamines by means of triphenyl phosphi…
Hollow polyhedral graphite particles with 200~400 nm in diameter have been synthesized by heating oxalic acid, ferrocene and metallic magnesium at 580 C, typically forming diamond-like octahedral structure. Combined with SEM, TEM, SAED patterns, and Raman spectroscopy, it was shown that the surface of graphite polyhed…
Bacterial poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) vary in the composition of their monomeric units. Besides saturated side-chains, unsaturated ones can also be found. The latter leads to unwanted by-products (THF ester, secondary alcohols) during acidic cleavage of the polymer backbone in the conventional analytical assays. To…
Abstract Glyoxal, in the presence of base, has been used to crosslink zein in a melt process involving reaction in a melt state combined with compression molding. The resulting zein articles had improved tensile strength, increasing from 34.3 to 40.6 MPa, when the amount of glyoxal was 6% by zein weight. Reduced solub…
The effective attenuation length (EAL) of low-energy electrons in CoO is investigated by photoemission spectroscopy experiments $(5\ensuremath{\le}h\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\le}19\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV})$ by measuring the Ag Fermi-edge signal through a CoO overlayer of increasing thickness. The EAL i…
Abstract In this study, a series of achiral monomers and chiral monomers of different flexible spacer chains based on cholesteryl moiety were synthesized. Polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) cells were then created by incorporation of the polymer networks. The influence of the nature of the monomers…
Fourier syntheses providing electron density maps are usually affected by truncation effects due to the limited data resolution. A recent theoretical approach [Altomare, Cuocci, Giacovazzo, Kamel, Moliterni & Rizzi (2008). Acta Cryst. A 64 , 326–336] suggests that the resolution bias may be reduced by correcting t…
The synthesis and characterization, by optical spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, of six iron complexes of tetraanthracenotetraazaporphyrin (TATAP) are reported. Eight benzo groups, flanking the macrocycle periphery,…
This chapter demonstrates how a model of reinforced elastomers in its state allows a thorough description of the large-strain materials behavior of reinforced rubbers in several fields of technical applications. It presents a thoroughgoing line from molecular mechanisms to industrial applications of reinforced elastom…
We demonstrated the photochemically induced nucleation of ribonuclease A (RNaseA), which lacks Trp residual groups. We have reported the photochemically induced nucleation of the hen egg-white lysozyme and the thaumatin systems, where photochemically induced nucleation brought about the photochemical reaction of the T…
The emergence of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) provided a new horizon to the field of polymer technology. TPEs bridge the gap between conventional rubbers and thermoplastics. The hard segments that act as physical cross-links are thermally labile, and this allows TPEs to soften and flow under shear force at elevated…