Monitoring the formation of TTF dimers by Na+ complexation
The formation of the two dimeric species [(TTF)2]+* and (TTF+*)2 can be monitored by complexation of Na+ on a calix[4]arene-TTF assembly.
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GDC-Impregnated (La[sub 0.75]Sr[sub 0.25])(Cr[sub 0.5]Mn[sub 0.5])O[sub 3] Anodes for Direct Utilization of Methane in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Gd-doped ceria (GDC)-impregnated ( La 0.75 Sr 0.25 ) ( Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5 ) O 3 (LSCM) is investigated as an alternative Ni-free anode for the direct utilization of methane in solid oxide fuel cells. Impregnation of submicrometer and ionic conducting GDC greatly improves the electrocatalytic activity of the LSCM anodes for…
Large-scale production of carbon nanotubes and their applications
Abstract Carbon nanotubes consisting of a rolled graphene layer built from sp 2 units have attracted the imagination of scientists as 1D macromolecules. Here, we will describe the recent progress on selective synthesis of various carbon nanotubes through the judicious control of synthetic conditions and their practica…
Precipitation of monodisperse ZnO nanocrystals via acid-catalyzed esterification of zinc acetate
A wet-chemical method to produce zinc oxide nanocrystals of monodisperse size distribution (diameter range of 20–80 nm) is presented. The synthesis starts from zinc acetate dihydrate which is converted to ZnO in the presence of 1-pentanol in m-xylene at 130 °C. We report for the first time catalysis of this reaction b…
Perfect imaging in a homogeneous threedimensional region
We introduce a family of spherically symmetric gradient-index lenses forming a perfect (sharp) image of any point of the space in three dimensions, including the points of a homogeneous (constant refractive index) region. The only previously known example of an optical instrument with such properties is the plane mirr…
Evaluation of Perovskite Overlay Coatings on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Applications
Conductive oxide coatings are used to improve electrical performance and surface stability of metallic interconnects, as well as to mitigate or prevent chromium poisoning in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). To further understand materials suitability and shed light on mass transport, two conductive perovskites, La 0.8…
Coherent population trapping in diamond N-V centers at zero magnetic field
Coherent population trapping at zero magnetic field was observed for nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond under optical excitation. This was measured as a reduction in photoluminescence when the detuning between two excitation lasers matched the 2.88 GHz crystal-field splitting of the color center ground states. This b…
Silk-fibroin-coated liposomes for long-term and targeted drug delivery
Many barriers to drug delivery into a tumor site require careful consideration when designing a new drug. In this study, the adhesive targeting and drug specificity of modified liposomal vesicles on human-scar-producing cells, keloid fibroblasts, were investigated. Keloids express abundant levels of mucopolysaccharide…
Switchable columnar phases
Disclike molecules form various columnar phases. Extensive efforts have been made to make these phases polar. In the course of these attempts, two columnar phases, in which dipoles along the column ferroelectrically switch, were discovered. In this Highlight article, we summarize the attempts to realize polar columnar…
MNDO-PM3 Study of the Early Stages of the Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline
The theoretical approach to the study of aniline polymerization mechanism has been based on the MNDO-PM3 semi-empirical quantum chemical computations of the heat of formation of aniline dimer and trimer intermediates. The oxidation in aqueous medium without added acid is analyzed. The aniline nitrenium cation is propo…
Thermotropic lanthanidomesogens
Due to their high and variable coordination numbers leading to poorly predictable three-dimensional coordination spheres, the trivalent lanthanide metal ions are challenging molecular objects for introduction into thermotropic liquid crystals. Conversely, their predictive electronic, optical and magnetic metal-centred…
Olefin epoxidation with tert-butyl hydroperoxide catalyzed by MoO2X2L complexes: a DFT mechanistic study
DFT calculations suggest that the catalytic epoxidation of olefins by Mo(vi) complexes, modeled by MoO2Br2(MeN=C(H)-C(H)=NMe), in the presence of MeOOH, the model for tert-butyl hydroperoxide, starts with a hydrogen transfer from the peroxide to one of the terminal Mo=O oxygen atoms and the remaining MeOO anion binds…
Influence of surfactants, polymer and doxorubicin loading on the anti-tumour effect of poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles in a rat glioma model
Alessandra Ambruosia, Svetlana Gelperinab, Alexander Khalanskyc, Sandra Tanskid, Alf Theisend & Jörg Kreuteraa Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germanyb Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, Moscow, Russiac Institute of Human Morphology, Mos…
Cavitation Bioeffects
Acoustic cavitation takes place when tiny gas bubbles oscillate, grow, and collapse in liquid under the influence of ultrasonic field. This study reviews cavitation bioeffects that are found both in vivo and in vitro when exposed to either low- or high-power acoustics. Proposed mechanisms are discussed here as well ba…
Structural characterization and thermal oxidation properties of LLDPE/MgAl-LDH nanocomposites
The interlayer surface of MgAl layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) was modified by exchanging about half of the interlayer nitrate anions by dodecyl sulfate anions (DS), LLDPE was then intercalated from melt to get the LLDPE/MgAl-LDH nanocomposites. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) s…
Preparation of highly oriented organic–LDH hybrid films by combining the decarbonation, anion-exchange, and delamination processes
For the preparation of highly-oriented thin films of organic–LDHs (layered double hydroxides) with Mg/Al = 2 and 3, highly-oriented LDH films with anion-exchangeability were prepared (a) by casting a CO32−LDH water suspension onto a glass slide, followed by decarbonation in an HCl–NaCl solution and anion-exchange to C…
Liposomes as targeted drug delivery systems in the treatment of breast cancer
Solid tumors such as breast cancer have historically provided many challenges to anti-cancer therapy. Therapeutic hurdles to drug penetration in solid tumors include heterogeneous vascular supply and high interstitial pressures within tumor tissue, particularly in necrotic zones, lower pH and presence of leaky vascula…
Next generation fuel cell R&D
The material innovations and developments can play a key role in realizing solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) commercialization. However, it seems missing in the long SOFC R&D strategy. Recent R&D on innovative ceria-based composites (CBCs) make a breakthrough and open a new research subject on low-temperature (300–600°C) S…
Polarization-dependent effects in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
A few key examples of polarization effects in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) are highlighted and discussed. It is argued that the polarization of the local field, which is felt by an analyte molecule in a location of high electromagnetic field enhancement (hot-spot), can be very different from that of the in…
The application of modified mesoporous silicas in liquid phase catalysis
This review focuses on recent developments in the preparation, properties and catalytic applications of chemically modified mesoporous silicas. Over the last few years, this group of materials has been the subject of intense activity in the materials community, and many applications have been found for these fascinati…