Materials Literature
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An analysis of the microstructure of nanocrystalline yttrium oxide produced by thermal decomposition of a double oxalate yttrium and ammonium, at temperatures in the range 600 °C to 900 °C, is described. The study is based on line broadening analysis carried out with the (Voigt/Langford) integral breadth and Fourier m…
The martensite transformation and work hardening of metastable austenite induced by abrasive wear in an austenitic Fe-C-Cr-Mn-B alloy were studied by TEM. The results show that an α' martensitic transformation occurred to form an elongated and equiaxial cellular dislocation substructure and the untransformed austenite…
After the hot rolling process the steel strip remains covered with an oxide layer (scale) which must be removed previous to the cold rolling process. The scale removal through the pickling process by hydrochloric acid (HCl) depends on both the scale structure and the conditions of the pickling bath (temperature, acid…
Abstract The thermal decomposition of chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) and three plasticized chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) systems has been investigated. The routes of decomposition of these systems have been elucidated by investigating char formation and by using a combination of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) a…
The intent of this paper is to predict the effects of random edge roughness on the knife-edge diffraction of an incident wave. This has been accomplished by approximating the field beyond the diffracting half plane with spectral techniques and the Kirchhoff approximation. By restricting the point of observation of the…
Efflorescent crusts consisting predominantly of the sodium carbonate minerals trona (Na 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 2H 2 O) with minor thermonatrite (Na 2 CO 3 H 2 O) are commonly developed on less vegetated portions of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.
Abstract Chemical stability of ferritic (Fe–Cr) alloy interconnect material was examined under anode gas atmospheres for use in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In H 2 –H 2 O and CH 4 –H 2 O atmospheres, oxide scale layers were formed on the alloy surface. The surface morphology of the alloy was varied with forming oxi…
Abstract Oxiranes, such as glycidyl phenyl ether, benzyl glycidate, glycidyl methyl ether, and styrene oxide, were copolymerized with dicarboxylic anhydrides, such as succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and maleic anhydride, by the action of an enzyme in a stepwise reaction to produce the corresponding polyesters…
Measurements were made to assess the AC breakdown voltages in liquid nitrogen (LN/sub 2/) with different electrode configurations such as sphere-sphere, needle-needle, hemisphere-hemisphere, plane-plane, sphere-needle, etc. Experimental results reveal that the breakdown voltage is a function of electrode geometry and…
A high yield (∼32 wt.%) of multiwalled carbon nanotubes was obtained in an iron catalyzed reaction. This was achieved in the temperature range 800–1000°C under an atmosphere of H2/Ar by an improved solution injection method in a horizontal reactor using toluene as carbon source and ferrocene as catalyst precursor. The…
Abstract The normal prograde diagenetic and low-grade metamorphic sequence of dioctahedral clay minerals including illite-rich I-S and illite, as observed by TEM, proceeds from a partially disordered 1 M d stacking sequence to 2 M 1 ; i.e. 1 M does not normally occur as an intermediate polytype. Examples of 1 M illite…
Abstract Intermeshing twin‐screw extruders have been recently identified as useful in special application niches such as the extrusion of PVC dry blends (counter‐rotating machines) and compounding operations (co‐rotating machines). Thus, it is of interest to study the mechanical and/or chemical effects that occur alon…
A major challenge in protein folding is to identify and quantify specific structural determinants that allow native proteins to acquire their unique folded structures. Here we report the engineering of a 52-residue protein (Ala-14) that contains exclusively alanine residues at the hydrophobic a and d positions of a na…
Abstract It is a common industrial practice to blend virgin polymer with the same recycled polymer coming from plastic scraps that, in general, has not undergone relevant degradation. In this work, the characteristics of blends of virgin and recycled polyamide have been considered by changing the amount of recycled po…
Aluminum titanate (AT) ceramic materials doped with alkali feldspar ((Na 0.6 K 0.4 )AlSi 3 O 8 ) have been prepared. These ceramics exhibited high sinterability, large resistance to thermal decomposition, and large flexure strength. The existence of liquid‐phase feldspar at sintering temperatures promoted the formatio…
Composites of TiN/TiB 2 were synthesized by a combustion process of BN, Ti in a nitrogen atmosphere. The effect of the BN/Ti ratio and the nitrogen gas pressure on the synthesis of these composites was investigated. Dense TiN/TiB 2 composites with relatively high hardness and toughness were fabricated by combustion sy…
Toroidal polyhex lattices have been proposed in the literature as models for the “circle crops” observed in soot condensed from arc-vaporized graphite. Other covering patterns, including azulenic C5C7, “bathroom floor” C4C8, and mixed patterns have been suggested. In this paper, novel phenylenic (PH) and naphthylenic…
Abstract Weathering of chlorite adjacent to macro- and micro-passages (fissures) in regolith units has been studied to determine the alteration mechanisms and products and compare them to those that prevail at a distance from the open passages. The micro-fissures in the saprolith units evolve as a function of weatheri…
Four new compounds, RbSiBiS(4), RbGeBiS(4), CsSiBiS(4), and CsGeBiS(4), have been synthesized by means of the reactive flux method. The isostructural compounds RbSiBiS(4), RbGeBiS(4), and CsGeBiS(4) crystallize in space group P2(1)/c of the monoclinic system with four formula units in cells of dimensions at 153 K of a…
Abstract A new carboxylated styrene‐butadiene rubber (CSBR) in ultrafine powder form was used to modify the properties of nylon 6. The nylon 6/CSBR blends possessed higher toughness than nylon 6/maleic anhydride‐grafted polyethylene‐octene elastomer (POE‐ g ‐MAH) system. TEM micrographs revealed the fine dispersion of…