Materials Literature
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The Raman spectra of AlCl(3)-LiCl-dimethylsulfone mixtures with different molar compositions have been recorded as a solid (300 K) and as a melt (400 K). In any case, only AlCl(4)(-) ion lines at 120, 179, and 347 cm(-)(1) were observed; we were unable to detect any other chloroaluminate species. Furthermore, some ban…
General expressions for Poisson's ratio are derived for arbitrary orientations of crystals in the tetragonal, hexagonal, and cubic systems; simplified forms are given for cases involving symmetry directions.
A systematic variation of the V 2 O 5 content of the title catalysts reveals a dependence of the activation energy of the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia on the surface concentration of vanadia. A significant decrease in activation energy (from approximately 80 to 40 kJ/mol) is observed, as th…
Many important crystalline materials do not form single crystals of sufficient size and/or quality for single-crystal diffraction studies, and in such cases it is essential that the crystal structure can be solved from powder diffraction data; however, there are many difficulties associated with solving crystal struct…
Boronic acid-appended spiropyrans have been synthesized in order to detect diols and sugars by a colour change: only when the boron atom could intramolecularly interact with the tertiary amine in the spiropyran moiety, did added diols and sugars change the shift of the spiropyran–merocyanine equilibrium, which was vis…
We have constructed a new class of polymer gel that undergoes translational and rotational motions in water. These polymer gels consist of cross-linked hydrophobic−hydrophilic copolymers, which swell in water-miscible organic fluid but collapse in water. When these gels swollen in organic solvent are placed on support…
A synthesis of meso-substituted porphyrins in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles has been developed. Polar, functionalized aromatic aldehydes condense reversibly with pyrrole in the micellar phase. Oxidation of the porphyrinogen then provides functionalized porphyrins in yields of 10-48%. Hydrophobic aldehydes co…
Monolithic samples of highly porous poly(styrene/DVB) PolyHIPE® have undergone a number of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, namely sulfonation, nitration and bromination. Mild, hydrophobic reagents and homogeneous reaction conditions were sought in an effort to achieve uniform chemical modification, to a…
The anion ClO 4 - and the ion pair of Li + ClO 4 - have been studied by ab initio quantum chemical methods. Optimized geometries for monodentate, bidentate, and tridentate structures have been determined up to the MP2/6-311+G* level of theory. Vibrational frequencies were determined for the ClO 4 - anion and the Li +…
Abstract A low toxicity of chitin was demonstrated to be mostly due to biodegradability and the fast metabolization of hydrolysate in animal body. Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin, is also known to be a biocompatible polymer in spite of a slight immunoadjuvant activity in animal body. Chitosan is easily r…
The alpha subunit of tryptophan synthase from Escherichia coli has been previously shown to contain residual structure at 5 M urea, conditions where the secondary structure is entirely disrupted and the tyrosine residues are exposed to solvent [Saab-Rincón, G., Froebe, C. L., & Matthews, C. R. (1993) Biochemistry 32,…
A two-dimensional model for the coercivity mechanism of Sm/sub 2/(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)/sub 17/ magnets is proposed. The high coercivities of fully heat-treated magnets (>20 kA/cm) result from pinning sites which are formed by the intersections of the Zr-rich platelet phase (Z-phase) and the Cu-rich SmCo/sub 5/ (1/5) boundary…
The lower valent cations were homogeneously doped in p-type oxide films. The prepared doped oxide systems were Mg-doped α-Cr 2 O 3, Ni-doped α-Cr 2 O 3, and Li-doped NiO. The Mg doping induced a homogeneous mixed valence state of Cr 3+ and Cr 6+ in the Cr 2 O 3 film, reducing the Mg dopant to the metallic valence stat…
17 O MAS and static NMR spectra were obtained for lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, and rubidium disilicate crystals and glasses. Fitting of the 17 O NMR parameters for the crystals including two bridging oxygen (BO) atoms and one nonbridging oxygen (NBO) atom reasonably reproduced the observed spectra. The 17 O NMR…
Particle−particle and particle−wall capillary interactions were measured as a function of the separation distance. The “particles” were vertical thin glass cylinders and/or small glass spheres, protruding from an air/liquid interface. The particles attract each other due to the overlapping of the menisci formed around…
Zircaloy-4, which is used widely as a core structural material in pressurized water reactors (PWR), picks up hydrogen during service. Hydrogen solubility in Zircaloy-4 is low, and hydrides precipitate after the Zircaloy-4 matrix becomes supersaturated with hydrogen. These hydrides embrittle the Zircaloy-4. To study hy…
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Forty-four base wines, from the three white varieties for the production of sparkling wine most used in the Apellation (Certified Brand of Origin) cava, were analyzed to evaluate their foam capacity. The wines were from three different harvests and produced in eight different wineries. Foaming properties, determined w…
The synthesis of novel magnesium, copper, and metal-free porphyrazines, peripherally substituted with dithia-7-crown-2 (MPz(7)), dithia-15-crown-5 (MPz(15)), and dithia-18-crown-6 (MPz(18)) macrocycles is reported. These compounds are prepared starting from dicyanoethylene containing crown ethers 3, 2(1), and 2(2), re…
Amphiphilic 1-deoxy-1-(N-methylbenzamido)-D-glucitols display smectic, hexagonal columnar or discontinuous cubic thermotropic liquid crystalline phases depending on the number of alkyl chains attached to the benzamido group.