Materials Literature
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Maintaining neutrality: A perchlorinated triarylmethyl radical and a triarylamine redox center were combined in the design of a neutral organic mixed-valence compound (see picture). The neutral character of this compound facilitated a detailed study of its solvatochromic behavior and the direct determination of the el…
An As2L3 metallocryptand is the result of a new predictive design strategy for forming self-assembled supramolecular arsenic complexes. The assembly is remarkably stable to a variety of competing metal ions, harsh acid, and excess ligand. X-ray crystallographic studies and density functional calculations suggest that…
Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) of copper has been measured from 4 to 500 K and analyzed by the cumulant method, to check the effectiveness of EXAFS as a probe of local dynamics and thermal expansion. The comparison between parallel mean square relative displacements (MSRD) of the first four coordinat…
Based on the density functional theory, we demonstrate that ${\mathrm{Au}}_{N}$ clusters can have cagelike structures. The cage consisting of $32\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Au}$ atoms has an icosahedral symmetry with a large energy gap of $1.56\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$, suggesting high stability a…
g-factor tuning of electrons in quantum dots is studied as function of in-plane and perpendicular magnetic fields for different confinements. Rashba and Dresselhaus effects are considered, and comparison is made between wide- and narrow-gap materials. The interplay between magnetic fields and intrinsic spin-orbit coup…
A model of magnetic interactions in the ordered ferromagnetic FePt is proposed on the basis of first-principles calculations of non-collinear magnetic configurations and shown to be capable of explaining recent measurements of magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE). The site (Fe,Pt) resolved contributions to the MAE have be…
Größe reduzieren heißt besser oxidieren: Trägerfreie Goldpartikel katalysieren die aerobe Oxidation von Glucose mit einer ähnlichen Aktivität wie Enzymsysteme. Ihre Aktivität ist umgekehrt proportional zum Partikeldurchmesser (d, siehe Diagramm). Kohlenstoffträger wechselwirken nicht mit Gold, sie verhindern jedoch di…
Although C$_{60}$ is a molecular crystal with a bandgap E$_g$ of ~2.5 eV, we show that E$_g$ is strongly affected by injected charge. In sharp contrast to the Coulomb blockade typical of quantum dots, E$_g$ is {\it reduced} by the Coulomb effects. The conductance of a thin C$_{60}$ layer sandwiched between metal (Al,…
Tetrathiometalates [WS4]2− are the nodal building blocks in a new kind of heterometallic interpenetrating three-dimensional cluster coordination polymer (see picture) that has interesting nonlinear optical properties. The polymer exhibits optical self-focusing behavior and reverse saturable absorption effects.
Geschüttelt oder gerührt: Die morphologische Entwicklung von Polyanilin von Nanofasern zu Agglomeraten zeigt, dass reine Nanofasern zugänglich sind, indem man ihr weiteres Wachstum unterdrückt. Eine sehr einfache und hocheffiziente Methode für die Synthese von Nanofasern wurde entwickelt, bei der die Polymerisation al…
Glass surfaces were modified by end-grafting poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chains having molecular weights of 526, 2000, or 9800 Da. Characterization using water contact angles, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of the PEO brushes on the surface with estimated lengths in water of 2…
The luminescent properties of 1 mol % Eu 3+ -doped cubic Lu 2 O 3 nanocrystals prepared by a combustion synthesis route were investigated. The visible emission spectrum of the europium doped Lu 2 O 3 nanocrystals indicate that the structural environment surrounding the dopant Eu 3+ ion is distorted when compared to a…
Abstract Summary: The use of lignocellulosic fibers, pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) and sisal as reinforcements in thermoplastic and thermosetting resins for developing low cost and lightweight composites is an emerging field of research in polymer science and technology. Although, these biofibers have several advantages…
We review progress in applying molecular genetic and genomic technologies to studies in the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, highlighting its use as a model for Lepidoptera, and in sericulture and biotechnology. Dense molecular linkage maps are being integrated with classical linkage maps for positional cloning and…
Stirring stuff: The morphological evolution of polyaniline from nanofibers to agglomerates during its chemical polymerization shows that the key to producing pure nanofibers is to suppress secondary growth after formation of the nanofibers. A simple and effective method for the synthesis of nanofibers was thus develop…
Reducing size helps to oxidize: Unsupported gold particles behave as an efficient catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of glucose, showing a similar activity to enzymatic systems. The catalytic activity is inversely proportional to the particle diameter (d, see graph). With carbon-supported gold, no gold–support interac…
Made to order: The synthesis of well-defined porous carbon films involves four steps: 1) monomer–block copolymer film casting, 2) structure refining through solvent annealing, 3) polymerization of the carbon precursor, and 4) carbonization. The resulting films, such as that depicted, have potential as separation membr…
Nanocrystalline powder of SiO2, synthesized by gas phase condensation, has been characterized by X-ray and electron diffractometric techniques. The composition of the as-received powder is mostly amorphous and a minor amount of alpha-crystobalite phase. Annealing at higher temperatures, the amorphous phase gradually t…
Stainless steels have sustained a continuous growth for these 50 years, based on their outstanding corrosion resistance properties. Their corrosion performance has been ever improved for a large range of environments. New grades with higher static or dynamic mechanical properties afford high quality parts at lower cos…
The designers of catalytic converters have found that the use of cerium oxide in the washcoat formulation, to store and release oxygen, gives higher conversion efficiencies in three-way catalysts. It has also been shown that oscillating the air-fuel ratio around λ = 1, which effectively oscillates the oxygen concentra…