Materials Literature
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A comprehensive survey of high speed weld bead defects is presented with strong emphasis on the formation of humping and undercutting in autogenous and non-autogenous fusion welding processes. Blowhole and overlap weld defects are also discussed. Although experimental results from previous studies are informative, the…
In this paper, we develop accurate and scalable models for the magnetic inductance in bundles of single-walled carbon nanotubes, which have been proposed as a means to alleviate the increasingly critical resistance problems associated with traditional copper interconnect in very large scale integration (VLSI) applicat…
Multiferroic laminated composites of PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3(PZT)∕CoFe2O4(CFO)∕PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 were prepared by conventional ceramic processing. The interdiffusion of the elements between different layers occurred, altering material properties. The dielectric behavior of such a sandwiched ceramic was dominated by the relati…
The Sr/Ca ratio of biogenic carbonate is widely used as a proxy for paleotemperature. This application is supported by empirical calibrations of Sr/Ca as a function of temperature, but it is also known that Sr uptake in calcite gauged by K d Sr = is affected by other variables, including bulk precipitation rate (K d S…
Highly aligned arrays of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on layered Si substrates have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The effect of the substrate design and the process parameters on the growth mechanism were studied. Adding water vapor to the reaction gas mixture of hydrogen and ethylene enh…
We develop an athermal version of the shear-transformation-zone (STZ) theory of amorphous plasticity in materials where thermal activation of irreversible molecular rearrangements is negligible or nonexistent. In many respects, this theory has broader applicability and yet is simpler than its thermal predecessors. For…
Lithium aluminum silicate glass system (LAS) implanted with chromium ions is prepared. The reflectance and transmittance measurements are used to determine the dispersion of absorption coefficient. The optical data are explained in terms of the different oxidation states adopted by the chromium ions into the glass net…
This article focuses on a range of elements critical to this process; form the fundamental chemistry, through computational and measurement techniques to the solutions that are in use today. Degassing contributes greatly to the quality of power cables by improving the certainty in electrical testing and improving the…
The solid-solid interaction and thermal decomposition behavior of 2wt% Ag2O in ZnO powder have been investigated by using thermogravimetry analysis and differential thermal analysis. Ag2O, which remained stable in ZnO up to 200°C, was observed to be thermally decomposed to Ag+ ions in the temperature range of 200–250°…
A novel supramolecular electron donor-acceptor hybrid (1) has been designed through axial coordination of a perylenebisimide moiety [BPyPDI], bearing two 4-pyridyl substituents at the imido positions, to the ruthenium(II) metal centers of two phthalocyanines [Ru(CO)Pc]. This modular protocol enables access to electron…
A conventional optical superlens for imaging beyond the diffraction limit produces images only in the near-field zone of the superlens. In contrast, an optical far-field superlens (FSL) device has a remarkable transmission property that leads to a one-to-one relationship between the far-field and the near-field angula…
To compare the intrinsic thermoelectric (TE) properties of heavily Nb-doped TiO2 to those of heavily Nb-doped SrTiO3 [S. Ohta et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 092108 (2005)], the electrical conductivity (σ), carrier concentration (ne), Hall mobility (μHall), and Seebeck coefficient (S) of heavily Nb-doped TiO2 (anatase)…
We present a method for organizing metallic nanoparticles in solution that is based on the hydrophobic effect and does not require either hydrogen bonding or molecular recognition. When amphiphilic V-shaped molecules are attached to a gold cluster, an aggregation process ensues in aqueous solution and leads to the for…
Thrombosis is a major cause of poor patency in synthetic vascular grafts for small diameter vessel (< 6 mm) bypass. Arteries have a host of structural mechanisms by which they prevent triggering of platelet activation and the clotting cascade. Many of these are present in vascular endothelial cells. These mechanisms a…
Dendrimers have generated tremendous interest in the field of drug delivery. Despite indications of their utility as drug carriers, the inherent cytotoxicity associated with polycationic dendrimers acts as a limiting factor to their clinical applications. Many functionalization strategies have been adopted to mask per…
The conformation of cylindrical brush polymers with a polymethacrylate main and polystyrene side chains (6 ≤ ≤ 33, with the number-average degree of polymerization of the side chains) were studied by combined light and small-angle neutron scattering experiments. The results reveal that the main chain stiffness express…
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and copper-doped cobalt oxide (CuxCo(3-x)O4) films have been prepared onto titanium support by the thermal decomposition method. The electrodes have been characterized by different techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spect…
Ferroelectric soft mode properties in ceramics and thin films are reviewed and compared with single crystals. In general, the permittivity in ceramics and thin films is markedly reduced compared to the single crystals mainly because of low-permittivity grain boundaries - dead layers - (sometimes also nano-cracks) pres…
Photonic metamaterials are man-made materials with "lattice constants" smaller than the wavelength of light. Tailoring the properties of their functional building blocks (atoms) allows one to go beyond the possibilities of usual materials. For example, magnetic dipole moments at optical frequencies (mune1) become poss…
Using a focused ion beam workstation, micron‐sized bending and compression samples were fabricated from a pure copper single crystal. The bending and compression experiments exhibited a strong size effect on the flow stress of copper, reaching values in the order of 1 GPa for the smallest test structures. Conventional…