Materials Literature
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Cotton fibers blended to give three levels of fiber maturity were mercerized in anhydrous liquid ammonia and in sodium hydroxide solution, slack and under tension. Both reagents produced similar changes in the cottons, but to differing degrees. Both ammonia and caustic treatments produced changes in morphology (swolle…
A computer-oriented strategy has been developed for simultaneous evaluation and correlation of thermodynamic data on groups of chemically related species. A general empirical equation for the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of a species and derived functional relations for entropy, enthalpy, free energy, e…
The optical absorption spectra in 2-butanol have been studied. The position of the absorption peak which is attributed to surface plasmons of small alloy particles depends on the composition of the alloy. The spectra obtained are qualitatively in agreement with those calculated by Mie's equation.
Sonolysis of water at 447 kHz causes a decrease in the pH. The products formed depend to some extent on the nature of the dissolved gases; products observed are hydrogen peroxide, nitrous and nitric acid. The yield of hydrogen peroxide follows the order O 2 > air > Ar > N 2 . In the case of total acid (nitrou…
Abstract Mössbauer and i.r. spectra of a series of nontronites show that Fe 3+ and Al 3+ are distributed between tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The Mössbauer results have reaffirmed the occupation by Fe 3+ of octahedral sites at which these ions are coordinated to pairs of OH groups in both cis and trans configurat…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal .sigma.-hydrocarbyls, MRn. Stoichiometry, structures, stabilities, and thermal decomposition pathwaysPeter J. Davidson, Michael F. Lappert, and Ronald PearceCite this: Chem. Rev. 1976, 76, 2, 219–242Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1976Publication History Published on…
A scale factor γ, to convert from the relative to the absolute/relative intensity scale, is readily calculated during computer simulation of powder patterns. Previously used scale factors are related to γ. The Reference Intensity Ratio, I/Ic (c = corundum), is obtained from μ, ρ, and γ for the sample and for corundum.…
The existence of optical second harmonic generation has been shown to be a highly reliable and sensitive physical test for the detection of crystalline non-centrosymmetry. A second harmonic analyzer has been constructed which can resolve space group ambiguities arising from Friedel's Law with a confidence level greate…
Abstract The solubility, permeability, and diffusion time lag for carbon dioxide in polycarbonate are reported at 35°C for pressures ranging from 1 atm to 23 atm. The solubility data are very well described by the dual sorption mechanism model, Henry's law plus Langmuir adsorption, proposed for glassy polymers. Both t…
Concentrated aqueous solutions of hydroxypropyl cellulose form lyotropic mesophases displaying a range of iridescent colors. Evidence from light microscopy and optical rotatory dispersion suggests that the mesophase has helicoidal structure, resembling in some respects that of cholesteric liquid crystals.
A pit model was developed on the assumption that the metal ions hydrolyze inside the pits and that the corrosion products are transported by diffusion. Concentrations of Me 2+ , , and H + ions, as a function of pit depth and current density, for Zn, Fe, Ni, Co, Al, and Cr were calculated. The main reason for passivity…
The physicochemical foundations of the degradation of polymeric materials in corrosive liquid media are examined and the characteristics of the polymer degradation processes, the mechanisms of reactions of chemically unstable bonds, and the principal types of decomposition of polymeric molecules as well as the charact…
この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。
The separate contributions of the TTF and TCNQ chains to the total magnetic susceptibility of TTF-TCNQ are evaluated from measurements of the gyromagnetic ratio and EPR linewidth. From the temperature dependence of these susceptibilities, we show that the metal-insulator transition at 54\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\…
The complex asymmetric critical scattering observed in quasielastic neutron scattering measurements in K${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$P${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ is explained as arising from the piezoelectric coupling between the acoustic waves and the ferroelectric fluctuations. Detailed calculations give good agreement with the availab…
The essential shell-and-tube type heat exchanger construction is used in both fossil-fired and nuclear-fueled electric power plants in several large-sized design variants. Typical functions include feedwater heaters (FWH) operating on turbine extraction steam on the shell side to preheat both low and high pressure fee…
The probability $S$ of energy transfer from excited host lattice to activator ions can be calculated from experimental concentration-dependence data. It is 0.66 for ${\mathrm{Y}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$S: Eu, $S$ is the quantum efficiency for host-excited luminescence and can be used to calculate cathodoluminescence ef…
Microbiological organisms, or microbes as they are more commonly known, may be classified in four general groups: (1) Bacteria; (2) Fungi; (3) Algae; (4) Yeasts. These groups broadly represent all the flora and fauna of the microbiological world. Certain species from all groups are known to cause corrosion of metals.…
Void and interstitial dislocation loop nucleation and growth in a metal irradiated by fast particles are theoretically investigated on the basis of the kinetic equations for cluster size distribution functions. It is assumed that (i) the dislocations and dislocation loops are the preferential sinks for interstitials;…
The results of neutron and X-ray diffraction studies on compounds of the series ThFe5−5xNi5x are re-interpreted using the experimental data now available for similar compounds of the series ThCo5−5xNi5x and ThFe5−5xCo5x. It is shown that in ThFe5−5xNi5x, too, there also exists a deviation from the truly random distrib…