Materials Literature
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Barium strontium titanate thin films were deposited by sputtering on Pt/SiO2 structures using five different host substrates: magnesium oxide, strontium titanate, sapphire, silicon, and vycor glass. These substrates were chosen to provide a systematic change in thermal strain while maintaining the same film microstruc…
We report on photoluminescence (PL) spectra of ZnO films grown by low pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. For PL measurements, high quality ZnO thin films were epitaxially grown on Al2O3(0001) substrates. Time-integrated PL spectra of the films at 10 K clearly exhibited free A and B excitons at 3.376 and 3.382…
Functionalized large-pore mesoporous SBA-15 is utilized for the first time as a good substrate in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate biomolecules including peptides and proteins.
We studied the changes in the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{LaNiO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ across the metal-insulator transition. The technique used in the study was mainly $\mathrm{O} 1s$ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The experimental spectrum of ${\mathrm{LaNiO}}_{3.00}$ was analyzed in ter…
We study the low-temperature dynamics of a shallow donor, e.g., $^{31}$P, impurity electron spin in silicon, interacting with the bath of nuclear spins of the $^{29}$Si isotope. For small applied magnetic fields, the electron spin relaxation is controlled by the steady state distribution of the nuclear spins. We calcu…
The reactive conversion of biosilica meso- and nanostrucures into new compositions with retention of shape and fine features is demonstrated. The shape-preserving nature of the chemical conversion process is illustrated for the reaction of silica-based diatom frustules with Mg gas to form MgO (see Figure). This techni…
We report here on studies examining the use of fibrin as an alternative to collagen for the entrapment of neonatal aortic rat smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the fabrication of media equivalents. The studies show increased collagen production by fibroblasts entrapped in fibrin, which suggests that fibrin may be used in…
We compare the field emission characteristics of dense (109 nanofibers/cm2), sparse (107 nanofibers/cm2), and patterned arrays (106 nanofibers/cm2) of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers on silicon substrates. The carbon nanofibers were prepared using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of acetylene and ammonia…
We study the influence of nitrogen, a potential acceptor in ZnO, on the lattice dynamics of ZnO. A series of samples grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) containing different nitrogen concentrations, as determined by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), was investigated. The Raman spectra revealed vibrational m…
ZnO micropatterning under very mild conditions is presented. Photolysis (using a mask) of Si–C bonds in a self-assembled phenylsilane layer yields a patterned phenyl/hydroxy surface. ZnO is selectively deposited at 55 °C on the phenyl domains by electroless deposition using a Pd catalyst adhered to the surface. The vi…
New layered oxides M II 0.5 LaTiO 4 (M = Co, Cu, and Zn) were synthesized via the ion-exchange reaction of parent NaLaTiO 4 in molten salts at 300−450 °C. Eutectic-like mixtures of MCl 2 (M = Co and Cu) and KCl were required for the 1:2 exchange reaction of divalent cobalt and copper ions for monovalent sodium ion at…
The crystalline structure of poly(decamethylene sebacate) has been studied using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The polymer shows polymorphism, since fibers corresponding to both monoclinic and orthorhombic unit cells can be obtained depending on the draw and annealing conditions. The second s…
Synthesis and characterization of the first stable α,ω-bis(silanetriols) containing phenylene, biphenylene, α,ω-bis(phenylene)vinylene, α,ω-bis(phenylene)ethynylene, and α,ω-bis(phenylene)buta-1,3-diynylene organic bridging groups are described. They were obtained by controlled hydrolysis of the corresponding bis(tria…
A model for the dissolution of oxides has been developed recently. It has been tested with silica. The model describes the overall rate constant of dissolution as composed of several reversible elementary reactions. By this way the overall rate constant of dissolution can be expressed in dependence on pH and ionic str…
The observed shifts of the vibrational SERS frequencies with respect to those of the Raman spectrum of pyrazine have allowed us to conclude that the molecule adsorbs to the metal through the unshared electron pair of one of the nitrogen atoms. The same conclusion is reached by observing the behavior of the molecular v…
Nucleation and growth of nanoparticle crystals is often difficult. Recent progress has been made by linking dilute solution properties, such as the osmotic second virial coefficient, B 2, to equilibrium phase behavior of nanoparticle suspensions. These studies show that, at the same values of B 2, broad classes of nan…
This work is a contribution to better knowledge of the influence of the structure of films obtained from emulsions based on arabinoxylans, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, and emulsifiers on their functional properties. The sucrose esters (emulsifiers) have a great effect on the stabilization of the emulsified film struc…
Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been shown to be highly sensitive gas sensors. However, attaching functional groups with selective sensing functions on nanotubes without destroying the intrinsic electronic property of the nanotubes is still challenging. Here, we report a new method of coating SWNTs with a…
We show that two basic mechanical processes, the collision of particles and rolling motion of a sphere on a plane, are intimately related. According to our recent findings, the restitution coefficient for colliding spherical particles ε, which characterizes the energy loss upon collision, is directly related to the ro…
The transmission of kinetic energy through chains of inelastically colliding spheres is investigated for the case of constant coefficient of restitution ε=const and impact-velocity dependent coefficient ε(v) for viscoelastic particles. We derive a theory for the optimal distribution of particle masses which maximize t…