Materials Literature
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The stress required to operate dislocation sources within a grain, at a grain boundary, and at surfaces is found to be larger than the intrinsic stresses observed in polycrystalline films. It is therefore unlikely that a dislocation flow mechanism can relieve stresses in films. Grain boundary sliding and diffusional c…
SUMMARY– We studied oxidation of a freeze‐dried model system consisting of methyl linoleate and gelatin by incubating the model system in air at 50°C for up to 10 days in the dry state or at controlled relative humidities. Incubation for 5‐10 days caused a drop in the viscosity of gelatin solutions, an increase in the…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyisonitriles. III. Synthesis and Racemization of Optically Active Poly(α-phenylethylisonitrile)Frank Millich and G. Keith BakerCite this: Macromolecules 1969, 2, 2, 122–128Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissu…
The construction and evaluation of an efficient and convenient reflection type polarizer, using three gold mirrors, which is useful in the 500-5000-A wavelength region is described. The polarizer is evaluated both by direct measurement of its polarization and by calculation from the measured optical constants of gold.…
There is a range of compositions and temperatures below the monotectic where the equilibrium solid cannot form directly from an undercooled single‐phase liquid. Thermodynamics requires either a prior liquid‐liquid Phase separation or a simultaneous formation of the second liquid if the solid is to form. The implicatio…
The heat capacity of a solid polymer is governed by the manner in which the internal energy is distributed over the various degrees of freedom. If the internal energy manifests itself in harmonic oscillatory motions, the heat capacity is the sum of contributions of the normal modes of motion. In practice, full frequen…
The ductility of Type 304L and Type 310 stainless steel as measured by tensile elongation can be reduced substantially when high contents of hydrogen are absorbed. Cathodic charging of thin stainless steel foils severely reduced the foils' ductility and tensile strength. Only a very thin surface layer was damaged by c…
The transition temperatures of a group of copper compounds of the general formula Cu(CnH2n+1NH3)2Cl4 have been obtained from ac susceptibility data. These compounds contain layers of CuCl2, separated by two layers of (CnH2n+1NH3)Cl. Also two compounds with the Cl−-ion replaced by Br− have been investigated. In the Cl-…
Abstract Die massenspektrometrische Ermittlung thermodynamischer Aktivitäten durch Bestimmung des Partialdruckes über der Mischung und des Dampfdruckes der reinen Komponente in getrennten Experimenten stößt auf Schwierigkeiten. Ursache hierfür ist die mangelnde Konstanz einer apparativen Größe k , die für die Umrechnu…
The 57Fe Mössbauer spectrum in an applied 37 kOe field is interpreted in terms of three superimposed six-line patterns corresponding to at least three distinct species of Fe ions. While the observed hyperfine fields and isomer shifts of Fe3+ at A and B are consistent with the trends in ferrite spinels, the apparent Fe…
Abstract Prepolymer technology is a relatively new science in which polymer structures of any desired type are built from partially polymerized liquid resins containing reactive functional groups. Well over one hundred low molecular weight polymers and crosslinking agents are currently available commercially. The firs…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of Poly(ethylene oxide) Complexes. III. Poly(ethylene oxide)-Mercuric Chloride Complex. Type IIMasaaki Yokoyama, Hideaki Ishihara, Reikichi Iwamoto, and Hiroyuki TadokoroCite this: Macromolecules 1969, 2, 2, 184–192Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication…
A previous paper proposed a model for polymer crystallization under stress [1]. This paper suggested that there could be distinctive crystals which formed under stress at unusually high temperatures to act later as nuclei for the bulk of the crystals. The present paper details definitive evidence for these nucleating…
SUMMARY Cemented layers in the shallow lagoonal, intertidal, and supratidal sediments surrounding the Qatar Peninsula, Persian Gulf, contain high‐magnesian calcite and aragonite cements. The magnesian calcite appears to occur both as a primary precipitate and as a replacement of aragonite. These cements are believed t…
Two basic assumptions are usually made by crystallographers in the evaluation of X-ray or neutron structure factors. The first is the validity of the harmonic approximation in deriving the Debye–Waller factors which account for the effect of lattice vibrations in reducing the intensities of the Bragg reflexions. The s…
A unified treatment is given of various properties of ferroelectric crystals in their non-polar phases, typified by BaTiO3, KH2PO4 and NaNO2. Certain relations are established between measurable dielectric and scattering properties. Critical scattering is discussed in terms of lattice dynamics.
Anhydrous lithium perchlorate has been examined in the crystalline and molten state by infrared and Raman spectroscopy. In the crystalline phase all degenerate modes are split but the Raman and infrared spectra are essentially identical in the internal frequency region. In the molten state the spectra are more simple…
A theory based on flow across a selected control volume is devel oped to predict the Hugoniot of a shock moving along the longitudinal direction of a unidirectional fiber reinforced composite. From this theory the Hugoniot of a composite may be calculated from the equa tions of state of its constituents. The shear for…
The strength and fracture behaviour of ceramics are considered with particular reference to oxides. Ceramics fracture in a brittle manner and the strength of most materials is about two orders of magnitude less than the theoretical strength. Strength is discussed conveniently in terms of a modified Griffith equation a…
A neutron diffraction study has been made of powdered samples of CrAs and Mn-substituted CrAs, namely, Cr0.7Mn0.3As, Cr0.4Mn0.6As, and Cr0.3Mn0.7As. Although CrAs shows a kink in susceptibility at 796°K, the anomaly was found to be due to a crystallographic transformation, from MnP-type structure (low-temperature side…