Materials Literature
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This paper examines the prospects for quantifying disorder in simple molecular or colloidal systems. As a central element in this task, scalar measures for describing both translational and bond-orientational order are introduced. These measures are subsequently used to characterize the structures that result from a s…
The crystal and magnetic structures of ${\mathrm{CaFeO}}_{3}$ have been determined at 300 and 15 K using synchrotron x-ray and neutron powder-diffraction techniques. At 300 K, ${\mathrm{CaFeO}}_{3}$ adopts the ${\mathrm{GdFeO}}_{3}$ struture, space group Pbnm with unit-cell dimensions $a=5.32630(4),$ $b=5.35270(4),$ a…
Three series of polycrystalline spinel ferrite, Ni–Zn ferrite, Mg–Zn ferrite and Ni–Zn–Cu ferrite, were prepared by the usual ceramic sintering method. The complex permeability spectra of each were measured. The low-frequency permeability increases with zinc content. However, the natural resonance frequency shifted do…
In this study, we introduce a new diamondlike carbon (DLC) film providing a friction coefficient of 0.001 and wear rates of 10−9–10−10 mm3/N m in inert-gas environments (e.g., dry nitrogen and argon). The film was grown on steel and sapphire substrates in a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system that uses a…
We present a detailed analysis of grain-boundary structures in computer-generated Cu and Ni three-dimensional nanocrystalline samples. The study includes both totally random and textured microstructures with grain sizes in the range of 5--12 nm. A detailed direct visualization technique is used at the atomic scale for…
This paper reviews deposition, integration, and device fabrication of PbZr(x)Ti(1-x)O(3) (PZT) films for applications in micro-electromechanical systems. An ultrasonic micromotor is described as an example. A summary of the published data on piezoelectric properties is given. The figures of merit for various applicati…
Novel approaches for optimized powder processing of advanced ceramics are reviewed with an emphasis on direct‐casting methods and solid freeform fabrication techniques. The fundamental principles for green body formation are discussed; a distinction is made between physical and chemical gels based on the nature of the…
1. Introduction to the concepts used in the observation, measurement and interpretation of fracture surface topography 2. Observing, describing and measuring fracture surface topography: some basics using Ketton stone as an example 3. Tilting cracks 4. River line patterns 5. Mirror, mist and hackle: surface roughness,…
The kinetic model for change of phases developed by M. Avrami at the end of the thirties has been used to describe the temporal behavior of phase changes. Until today this model is studied and adapted to include broader hypotheses. However, the mathematical format presented by M. Avrami is difficult to be understood b…
Fundamentals of Electrochemical Corrosion covers the underlying chemistry and materials science associated with the corrosion behavior of metals in aqueous environments. It begins with a review of corrosion processes and the reactions that occur in the interface area between the metal and corrosive media. It describes…
The temperature dependence of dielectric properties and electrical conduction of $({\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}1.5x}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{x}){\mathrm{TiO}}_{3} (0.0133<~x<~0.133)$ was measured from 10 to 800 K. Three sets of oxygen vacancies related dielectric peaks (peaks A, B, and $C)$ were observed. These peaks co…
Combining electron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, and high-resolution electron microscopy techniques, a structural model for the cobaltite $``{\mathrm{Ca}}_{3}{\mathrm{Co}}_{4}{\mathrm{O}}_{9}''$ has been found. This compound is a misfit-layered oxide consisting in two monoclinic subsystems with identical a, c, and \…
Our continuing study of the mechanism of flammability reduction of polymer−layered-silicate nanocomposites has yielded results for polypropylene- graft -maleic anhydride and polystyrene−layered-silicate nanocomposites using montmorillonite and fluorohectorite. Cone calorimetry was used to measure the heat release rate…
Data on a new class of inorganic incommensurate intergrowth suprastructures, viz., layered misfit compounds, are surveyed and systematised. Physical properties of misfit suprastructures are discussed. Possible mechanisms of the effects of the electronic structure and incommensurability on the structural elements of su…
En este trabajo se realiza una revisión acerca del estado actual de los materiales compuestos de matriz metálica habitualmente utilizados en la industria aeronáutica y automotriz. Normalmente, son materiales de base aleaciones ligeras (Al, Ti o Mg) reforzados con fibras o partículas. En esta revisión se repasan las di…
The dielectric behavior of the supercooled aqueous solutions of propylene gylcol, glycerol, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), and poly(ethylene glycol)s of different molecular weights has been examined at different concentrations in the frequency range of 10 6 − 10 -3 Hz. Differential scanning calorimetric measurements ha…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTToroidal Droplet Formation in Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal FilmsGerald H. Springer and Daniel A. HigginsView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University Manhattan, Kansas 66506 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 28, 6801–6802Publication…
A new methodology to study the second-order nonlinear optical coefficients of organic materials was developed. The combination of oriented crystal growth (epitaxy or grapho-epitaxy) with grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and second harmonic ellipsometry gives an overview of the relations between the molecular hyperp…
The reactions of Q[Au(acac) 2 ] (Q = N(PPh 3 ) 2 (PPN; a ), NPr 4 ( b ); acac = acetylacetonato) with terminal alkynes of the type HC⋮CC 6 H 4 R-4 in a 1:2 molar ratio affords the complexes Q[Au(C⋮CC 6 H 4 R-4) 2 ] (R = NO 2 ( 1 ), C 6 H 4 NO 2 -4 ( 2 ), ( E )-CH CHC 6 H 4 NO 2 -4 ( 3 )). The same alkynes react with […
This volume compiles information from physics, metallurgy, and mechanical and electrical engineering to epitomize the fundamental characteristics of flat rolling steel. Flat Rolling Fundamentals is drawn from in-depth analyses of metal properties and behaviors to technologies in application. The book provides a full c…