Materials Literature
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A confocal Raman spectroscopy was used to measure intrinsic stress distribution on the growth surface within individual grains of chemical-vapor-deposited diamond film. Polarization analysis of the Raman line shape revealed that even in high quality (2.8 cm−1 linewidth), free-standing film of 0.6 mm thickness, small r…
We report Cs halide-modified Ga–La sulfide glasses, a new class of chalcohalide glasses with improved fiber-drawing and optical properties suitable for Pr3+-doped fiber amplifiers at 1.3 μm. Cs halide-modified Ga–La sulfide glasses retain the essential characteristics of low phonon-energy and good rare-earth solubilit…
In order to determine the feasibility for a new family of nonlinear four-wave-mixing methods based on resonantly enhanced nuclear polarizations, the enhancement of a singly vibrationally resonant, nondegenerate, nonparametric process is measured using an interferometric method. The measurement shows that the resonant…
The magnetization measurement of systems with the nominal formula (R = Eu, Gd, Tb, Y) has been made. It has been found that and are weak ferromagnets of Dzialoshinsky - Moriya type whereas is an antiferromagnet. The substitution of manganese ions by cobalt ones leads to the appearance of different magnetic states: clu…
In this letter, we present a simplified evaluation method for light-biased photoconductance decay measurements. The measured effective lifetime is shown to be a differential quantity τeff,d, which may differ significantly from the actual effective lifetime τeff. However, the actual effective lifetime can be approximat…
Direct observation of ferroelectric domain structures in LiTa${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ crystal, without etching or surface coating, has been realized by using environmental scanning electron microscopy in secondary electron emission mode. The new method can nondestructively provide domain contrast image at submicron resoluti…
III–V based magnetic (GaMnAs)/nonmagnetic(AlAs) semiconductor superlattices (SLs) have been grown by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the SLs have good crystalline quality and abrupt interfaces. The SLs having relatively wide (Ga,Mn)As layers (⩾70 Å) are found to be ferr…
A novel mean-field theory of photoinduced reorientation and optical anisotropy in liquid crystalline side-chain polymers is presented and compared with experiments. The reorientation mechanism is based on photoinduced $\mathrm{trans}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}\mathrm{cis}$ isomerization and a multidomain model of the…
Self-assembling of size, shape, and phase controlled nanocrystals into superlattices with translational and even orientational ordering is a new approach for engineering nanocrystal materials and devices. High purity tetrahedral nanocrystals of CoO, with edge lengths of $4.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2$ nm, were sy…
Thin films of binary mixtures that interact through isotropic forces and directionally specific "hydrogen bonding" are considered through Monte Carlo simulations. We show, in good agreement with experiment, that the single phase of these mixtures can be stabilized or destabilized on confinement. These results resolve…
We demonstrate the use of maximum entropy based deconvolution to reconstruct boron spatial distribution from the secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profiles on a system of variously spaced boron $δ$-layers grown in silicon. Sample independent response functions are obtained using a new method which reduces t…
In the example of the spherical $p$-spin model, we study the phase diagram of glassy systems in the presence of an attractive coupling with a quenched configuration. We find competition among two phases, separated by a coexistence line terminating in a critical point, as in ordinary first-order phase transitions. We a…
We develop a new real-space method which allows one to evaluate the Kubo-Greenwood formula for dc conductivity of independent electrons in a static potential. We apply it to a numerical study of propagation modes in three dimensional quasiperiodic systems. These modes are strikingly different from those of periodic on…
Temperature fields in microdevices made from silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers are strongly influenced by the lateral thermal conductivity of the silicon overlayer, which is diminished by phonon scattering on the layer boundaries. This study measures the thermal conductivity of single-crystal silicon layers in SOI sub…
We review recent experimental work falling under the broad classification of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR), which is magnetoresistance associated with a ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition. The prototypical CMR compound is derived from the parent compound, perovskite . When hole doped at a concentration…
It was shown that in ultrafine‐grained nanostructured Cu processed by severe plastic deformation and subjected to cold rolling and annealing, the level and character of Young′s modulus anisotropy is significantly different from values corresponding to cold rolled and annealed coarse‐grained Cu. The crystallographic te…
The influence of a crystallographic texture (CT) on Dynamic Recrystallization (DRX) was investigated at T = 300℃ and 2.8 x 10 -3 s -1 in Mg–5.8% Zn–0.65% Zr in detail. It was shown that mechanics and kinetics of DRX are in strong dependence on location of basal planes. Initial texture effects recrystallized grain size…
The position operator (defined within the Schroedinger representation in the standard way) becomes meaningless when periodic boundary conditions are adopted for the wavefunction, as usual in condensed matter physics. We show how to define the position expectation value by means of a simple many-body operator acting on…
The effect of electrolyte concentration on the electropolymerization of pyrrole was investigated by studies of conductivity, tensile strength, and absorption spectra, etc., of polypyrrole films prepared from electrolyte aqueous solutions. The electrolyte salts used in the studies include sodium p-toluenesulfonate (TsO…
Fairly uniform spheres of crosslinked polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), prepared by a particular emulsification process using SPG (Shirasu Porous Glass) membranes and subsequent suspension polymerization, were applied for immobilizing carriers of Glucoamylase (GluA). A mixture of monomers, solvents,…