Materials Literature
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Absorption from the metastable $^{2}E$ and $^{2}T_{1}$ states of ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ has been measured in ruby with more precision than in previous experiments and in emerald and MgO: ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ for the first time. The sharp $^{2}E$, $^{2}T_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}T_{2}I$ lines are resolved in these…
Decalcification of echinoderm tissues for electron microscopy can be achieved after glutaraldehyde-osmium fixation by treatment with a 1:1 mixture of 2% ascorbic acid and 0.3 M NaCl for 12-24 hours. Electron photomicrographs of material decalcified by this procedure are superior to those from EDTA-treated tissue and s…
Lactose, a disaccharide more commonly known as milk sugar, is and has been a major problem for the dairy and food industry. First, the majority of human adults are incapable of digesting it owing to the deficiency of the hydrolytic enzyme beta‐galactosidase and thus it is a health and nutritional problem; second, it i…
Results of magnetization measurements on carefully prepared single crystals of Sm${\mathrm{Co}}_{5}$ are presented over the temperature range 4-970 K. The contribution of the rare-earth sublattice magnetocrystalline anisotropy was evaluated using the data on Y${\mathrm{Co}}_{5}$ as "a blank." These results are interpr…
A specific color reaction has been developed for the detection of N-7, N-8-(1,2-dihydroxycyclohex-1,2-ylene)-L-arginine-containing peptides. The reaction is based on the fact that hydroxylamine converts the blocking group to cyclohexanedione dioxime, which forms a red nickel complex. N-7, N-8-(1,2-dihydroxycyclohex-1,…
The cross-section for inelastic scattering of 80 keV electrons in thin films of evaporated carbon has been measured as a function of energy loss (from 10 to 600 eV) and scattering angle (up to 0·1 rad). The onergy-loss spectrum shows a broad peak around 24 eV, believed to arise mainly from plasmon oscillation of valen…
Monomer chromatin particles containing 140 base pairs of DNA and eight histone molecules have been studied by neutron scattering. From measurements in various H2O/D2O mixtures, radii of gyration and the average scattering density of the particle were determined. The radius of gyration under conditions when scattering…
Cobalt and Co‐Ni alloy were electrodeposited into the micropores of various kinds of anodic oxide films on aluminum. Fine granular metals precipitated on the barrier layer and formed columnar structures. Although the films of cobalt or nickel showed remarkable magnetic anisotropies perpendicular to the surface, the al…
A modified thiocarbohydrazide (TCH) technique to cross-link osmium layers has resulted in a reliable method for preparing a wide variety of soft biological tissues for scanning electron microscopy without the use of evaported metal. The technique works equally well on tissues with smooth surfaces and those with abrupt…
The model of pancreatic trypsin inhibitor determined by Huber, Kukla, Rtihlmann, Epp & Formanek [Naturwissenschaften (1970). 57, 389-392] was fitted to an electron-density map of 1.9 A resolution calculated with isomorphous-replacement phases by application of the real-space refinement procedure of Diamond [Acta Cryst…
The human body exchanges heat with its environment via radiation, convection, conduction and evaporation. Each of the heat exchange terms in the heat balance equation S = M-E-(+/- W)-C-R has been described in further detail as related to environmental conditions and to the effect of clothing. Such factors as air veloc…
An APS sponsored study reviewed the state of research and development in radiation effects on materials for the purpose of identifying basic scientific problems which limit progress in energy applications and which could be attacked by physicists, especially those in universities.The field of radiation effects on mate…
Modifications of the electronic structure of (112̄0) CdS surfaces as determined by Kelvin photovoltage spectroscopy have been related to changes in their atomic compositions as measured by Auger electron spectroscopy. Effects of chemical contamination, nonstoichiometry, and lattice disorder on the surface electronic p…
The crystal structure of rankinite has been determined by Patterson and direct methods and refined to R=11.6%, using a crystal from Fuka, Bitchu-cho, Japan: P21⁄a, a 10.60(2), b 8.92(2), c 7.89(2)Å, β 119.6(1)°, Z=4 Ca3Si2O7. There are in the structure arrays of Si2O7 groups parallel to the c axis, and the groups are…
It is well known that the columnar dendrite grows in a direction opposing the liquid flow. Therefore, in order to make clear the fluid flow within liquid pool, the solidification structures of steel slabs cast continuously by the curved mould bending type machine were investigated. At the same time, the amount of larg…
The nature of hydrogen solutions in metals and the evidence for physical and chemical hydrogen traps are examined as a prerequisite for interpreting and evaluating experimental observations and information from manufacturing operations. The sources, distribution, control, and effects of hydrogen are then considered fo…
A compilation of data on solder glasses from the literature is presented. Sources are: Chemical Abstracts, Ceramic Abstracts, Abstracts in Physics and Chemistry of Glasses, and pertinent books. Even though not exhaustive, domestic and foreign sources are included.
A survey, comparison, and critical analysis is presented of data compiled from the scientific literature concerning diffusion in copper alloy systems involving elements in Groups IA, IIA, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, and VIIB. Here the term ’’copper alloy system’’ is interpreted in the broadest sense. For example, the review o…
A new model for the deformation behavior of ATJ-S graphite, a non linear transversely isotropic material, under initial loading is described. This material model, which is based on a new deformation theory of ortho tropic plasticity, has excellent potential for description of the biaxial softening phenomenon found in…
Spray drying techniques have been applied to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble salicylic acid. Spray drying of the acid dispersed in acacia solutions resulted in as much as a 50% improvement in the solubility of the product. Solubility improvement was closely related not only to the c…