Materials Literature
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We developed a phase-field model for Marangoni convection in a liquid-gas system with a deformable interface, heated from below. In order to describe both Marangoni instabilities (with short and long wavelengths), an additional force component must be considered in the Navier-Stokes equation. This term describes the c…
Abstract A small colloidal particle in any liquid diffuses due to the fluctuations of the number of molecules hitting it randomly from different directions. Colloidal particles are significantly larger than the molecules in the liquid, but small enough that collisions with molecules noticeably move the particle. The t…
Abstract Soluble and processable conductive copolymers of silicone tegomers and pyrrole were developed. This was easily accomplished by the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer by Ce(IV) salt in the presence of silicone tegomers with hydroxyl chain ends. The resulting copolymers were soluble in dimethylformamid…
Abstract In this article, the properties of a polycaprolactone and starch composite (PCL/starch) and an acrylic acid grafted polycaprolactone and starch composite (PCL‐g‐AA/starch) were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, Instron mechanica…
This paper presents a new time domain model for electric arc furnaces using MATLAB. The model can simulate both nonlinear and time varying nature of such loads, which create flicker, harmonics, and voltage/current unbalance. In this model, Cassie and Mayr equations are used in three-phase mode and the effects of arc f…
Abstract A polyimide (PI)–clay nanocomposite was prepared from a solution of poly(amic acid), a precursor of 2,2‐bis[4‐(3,4‐dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propane dianhydride and p ‐phenylenediamine, and dodecylamine–montmorillonite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and…
Densities and viscosities of solutions of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in water and ethanol and solutions of poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) in ethanol were measured at (293.2, 308.2, 313.2, 318.2, 328.2, 333.2, and 338.2) K. The number-average molecular weights for PEG were 200, 300, and 6000, and that for PPG was 2025.…
Abstract With a total of 0.6 %, titanium ranks fourth among metals, behind iron, aluminum, and magnesium, and ninth among all elements in the Earth’s crust. However, even today it has not yet lost the air of an exotic and expensive material. The majority of titanium is used as oxide (about 95 %) in the paint industry…
The low-order structure factors of rutile (TiO(2)) have been measured with an accuracy of up to 0.09% by quantitative convergent-beam electron diffraction (QCBED). This error is an order of magnitude smaller than that in conventional Bragg X-ray diffraction and equivalent to the accuracy of the X-ray Pendellösung meth…
Different mechanisms of failure can be induced and studied with the experimental setup for thermal‐cycling tests developed by the authors and shown in the Figure. It offers a realistic test rig for a broad range of applications, being suitable for a large surface temperature range (1050–1400 °C) and thermal gradients…
A versatile molecule is described that performs as a nondestructible read-out optical-storage molecular memory. This molecular memory is composed of two distinct molecules that are chemically bonded to each other to form a single molecule with unique properties. One component is a photochromic fulgimide, and the other…
We briefly review the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and present results on the fabrication and characteristics of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) and simple integrated circuits. A novel approach allowing the catalyst-free synthesis of oriented CNTs is also presented.
We report that various geometric patterns can be formed upon mechanical deformation of hexagonal micro polymer mesh. The patterning of micromesh can be applied to the fabrication of micropatterned soft-materials for cell culturing. A microporous film was prepared from a viscoelastic polymer, poly(ε-caprolactone). The…
Abstract A highly efficient method for the synthesis of chloro‐substituted subphthalocyanines employing a 1 M boron trichloride solution in p ‐xylene is described and compared to other previously described results. The substitution reaction of the axial chlorine atom by a phenoxy group has been optimized. (© Wiley‐VCH…
ABA triblock copolymers [A = 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate), DPA or 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), DEA; B = 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, MPC] prepared using atom transfer radical polymerization dissolve in acidic solution but form biocompatible free-standing gels at around neutral pH in mod…
Divanadium pentoxide (γ-V 2 O 5 ) nanorods and nanowires have been synthesized by a reverse micelle technique. The length can be tuned easily by keeping the particles in micellar solution after the synthesis from 40 nm to 1 μm. The local structure of these nanocrystals has been studied with high-resolution transmissio…
A novel nonvolatile memory Colossal Magnetoresistive (CMR) thin film resistor for Resistance RAM (RRAM) application has been characterized. A 1RIT RRAM test circuit based on 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS has been fabricated. RRAM is a low power high-speed memory technology. The memory cell programming pulse is less than 5 V and…
In this paper the interaction of attosecond laser pulses with matter is investigated. The scattering and potential motion of heat carriers as well as the external force are considered. Depending on the ratio of the scatterings and potential motion the heat transport is described by the thermal forced Klein-Gordon or t…
It has long been established that by filling carbon nanotubes or coating on their surfaces with tran-sition metals, one-dimensional hybrid nanostructures can be synthesized. We found through ab initio calculations that such transition-metal/nanotube hybrid structures exhibit substantial magnetism. In particular, cobal…
Raman spectroscopy performed between 565 and 627 nm and also between 458- and 514.5-nm laser excitation was used to map the lowest-energy van Hove singularities of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes suspended in aqueous solution using sodium dodecyl sulfate. The interband transitions of distinct metallic nanotube…