Materials Literature
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Transient currents were measured by the time-of-flight technique in films of aromatic polyimides based on 9,10-bis(p-aminophenyl)anthracene and a series of diimide fragments. The electric field and temperature dependences of the hole and electron drift mobilities were detected. In amorphous films of the soluble polyim…
Palygorskite was identified in lower Eocene clays and porcellanites in Holes 959D, 960A, 960C, and 961A; in upper Albian to Cenomanian clays with chert in Hole 962B; and in undated clays in Holes 962B and 962C of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 159. Palygorskite is particularly abundant in lower Eocene bluish claystones of…
Changes in elastic anisotropy and fracture toughness anisotropy of a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric material as a function of depoling temperature were investigated using ultrasound and Vickers indentation. A gradual transition from anisotropic to isotropic properties occurs with increased depoling temper…
Anelastic behaviour was studied in hydrogenated Inconel 600 alloy. Two complex peaks were detected in the temperature range 80–500 K. The low-temperature peak (100–270 K) was recognized as a hydrogen-induced Snoek-like relaxation peak, while the high-temperature peak may be caused by some transient processes. The low-…
For complex thio- and selenophosphides the character of phase transitions and the vibration spectra of the crystal lattices are compared. The splitting of internal vibrations of (P2X6)4- anions reflects the anisotropy of crystal fields. The substitution of the chalcogen atoms in anion sublattice or the metal atoms in…
The reflection-transmission phenomena in sculptured thin films (STFs) of the ‘‘zigzag’’ type are considered. A finite layer of an STF is modeled as a stack of Motohiro-Taga interfaces. The boundary value problem for a plane wave obliquely incident on a single Motohiro-Taga interface is solved. This solution, incorpora…
Abstract The Ca-rich part of the cation substitution series of aluminate sodalites (Ca 1− x Sr x ) 8 [Al 12 O 24 ](WO 4 ) 2 has been studied as a function of temperature and composition. The intermediate β -phase of pure calcium tungstate aluminate sodalite was found to have a (3 + 2)-dimensional commensurately modula…
The second part of this work is devoted to the analysis of the swelling process, i.e., phase separation of swelling bath, solubility properties of coated fabrics in swelling bath, and swelling extent of each component in coated fabrics. A variety of analytical methods was used to characterize the separation sol vent,…
The sorption-induced bending and recovery motion of PPy films containing different dopant ions have been investigated, and the interaction between water vapor and PPy was studied from sorption isotherms and kinetics. It was found that the PPy/BF4 film exhibited the most rapid motion, and the initial speeds of bending…
The dislocation amplitude-dependent friction (ADIF) of high-purity (99.999%) polycrystalline aluminum is investigated in the temperature range 7–300K at vibrational strain amplitudes of 10 −7 –10 −4 for samples in the annealed and deformed (by quasistatic, shock, and ultrasonic loading) states. The ADIF is a multistag…
A novel dynamic air permeability tester (Textest FX3350) is designed to project air at high pressure through automotive airbag fabrics. The abilities of the machine are studied, and a standard operating procedure is defined. A series of fabrics is tested with the machine, and the results are correlated with readings o…
Electrically conducting polypyrrole grafts with poly[(methyl meth-acrylate)-co-(2-(N-pyrrolyl) ethyl methacrylate)] (PMMA-co-PEMA) were synthesized by constant potential electrolysis. Cyclic Voltammetry, DSC, TGA, SEM and elemental analysis were used in order to characterize the free standing films. Conductivities of…
A radiant heating system is described which is capable of raising the temperature of a test specimen to C in approximately 10 s, while the apparatus remains at room temperature. The system uses two infrared lamps which are controlled with an electronic timer to within a resolution of 0.1 s. The radiant heaters reach 9…
Evolutional changes in interior structures of mixed population biofilms grown on domestic wastewater were quantitatively analyzed using a cryosectioning technique and an image analysis. Meanwhile, transport of particulates into the biofilms was also experimentally investigated using fluorescent microbeads as tracers t…
The objectives of this study were to determine if the use of leonardite as a fertilizer supplement improved crop growth and if there was a residual effect from previous applications. Three planting sequences were established and leonardite applied at 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 lb/acre (0, 56.1, 112.1, 224.3 and 445.6 kg…
This survey of photostimulated luminescence (PSL) has three main thrusts: mechanism, storage phosphors as materials of the imaging plate materials and application to radiation dosimetry. In the light of the survey, it can be said that the imaging plate utilizing the PSL in alkali halide insulating phosphors or II-IV c…
The organic carbon (C) oxidation efficiencies of the Walkley‐Black and modified wet combustion procedures were evaluated in soil samples taken from different ecological zones and diverse parent materials in Nigeria. Dry combustion using a C analyzer was the standard to evaluate the efficiency of the modified wet combu…
Computer modelling methods, based on the lattice energy and the defect energy minimization, have been used to study some properties of the MgAl2O4 spinels. Calculations have been carried out using defect simulation procedures, programmed in the “General Utility Lattice Program – GULP” following the Mott and Littleton…
The fracture behaviour of fcc crystals has been investigated by numerically simulating the dynamical failure of a three-dimensional notched crystal using molecular dynamics, simple interatomic potentials for a rare-gas solid and system sizes of about ten million atoms. We find that the solid fails by brittle cleavage…
The interaction of pitch pyrolysis in porous anode carbon during heating and volatile combustion in the flue gas channel has been analyzed to gain insight in the anode baking process. A two-dimensional geometry of a flue gas channel adjacent to a porous flue gas wall, packing coke, and an anode was used for studying t…