Materials Literature
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These spectra compare the Ti 2p core-level XPS line shape for atomically clean, stoichiometric samples of Ti, Ti2O3, and TiO2; the latter two are UHV-cleaved or fractured single crystals. The Ti0 and Ti4+ peaks of Ti metal and TiO2, respectively, exhibit the simple shapes expected for such core levels. The Ti3+ peaks…
It was noticed in the past that, to avoid physical inconsistencies, in Marcatili's lossless tapers through-flowing waves must be drastically different from standing waves. First, we reconfirm this by means of numerical results based on an extended BPM algorithm. Next, we show that this apparently surprising behavior i…
The thermal conductivity of polycrystalline magnesium oxide has been measured over the temperature range from 400 K to 1300 K using a modified guarded-hot-plate design. Three different thicknesses of specimens having 93 % of theoretical density were tested to verify the operation, accuracy, and reproducibility of our…
The binding energy of Si 2 p electrons and the kinetic energy of the Si(KLL) X‐ray‐excited state were measured by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES), respectively, for silicates with SiO 4 tetrahedra of various polymerization types. The resulting Si 2 p XPS bindin…
Nanoscale particles of the general formula MFe/sub 2/O/sub 4/ (M=Co, Mn, Fe) were synthesized in reverse micelles of twin-tailed anionic bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) in isooctane. The size of the particles was controlled by adjusting the AOT/water molar ratio. Particle sizes were confirmed using XRD a…
We use thermal imaging of Joule heating to see for the first time electrical conducting paths created by the so-called Branly effect in a two-dimensional metallic granular medium (aluminium). Multiple breakdowns are shown to occur when the medium is submitted to high voltage increases (more than 500 V) with rise times…
We show, for the first time, how to calculate photonic band structures for metals and other dispersive systems using an efficient Order N scheme. The method is applied to two simple periodic metallic systems where it gives results in close agreement with calculations made with other techniques. Further, the approach d…
We produce silver nanocolloids selectively within and on Escherichia coli bacteria. Silver preferentially concentrates in the bacteria, distributes uniformly within them, or, alternatively, forms a rough coating over them. Oscillations in polarized light scattering vs scattering angle are more pronounced and shift to…
A fiber reinforced rigid foam system based on plant polyols has been developed and successfully tested. Interior car trims made with Elastoflex(r) E3517 and reinforced with natural fibers contain approx. 80% materials from renewable resources. The properties of the polyurethane system are comparable to polyether-based…
The mechanism of Pi interaction with phosphate binding protein of Escherichia coli has been investigated using the A197C mutant protein labeled with a coumarin fluorophore (MDCC-PBP), which gives a fluorescence change on binding Pi. A pure preparation of MDCC-PBP was obtained, in which the only significant inhomogenei…
A very small capacitive sensor for measuring thermal expansion and magnetostriction of small and irregular shaped samples has been developed. A capacitive method with tilted plates is used. The tilted plate capacitance formula is used for the calculation of the capacitor gap, the calibration is performed by measuring…
Stress paths in granular matter often suffer sudden large-scale rearrangements when the system is slightly perturbed, i.e. granular systems are unstable. We show in this paper that the observed instability is due to the minimally rigid, or isostatic, character of the system's contact network. It is first demonstrated…
We summarize ideas and methods that apply to rigidity and connectivity percolation. These include: constraint counting concepts, exact calculations on diluted trees and numerical results on diluted lattices using matching algorithms. The similarities and differences between connectivity and rigidity percolation are di…
Based on the anionic group theory of nonlinear optical crystals and the relationship between the microscopic nonlinear coefficients of the anionic group and the macroscopic coefficients of the crystal, an evaluation system has been established to analyze the spatial arrangement of the anionic groups in a crystal latti…
A series of novel manganese(II)-substituted polyoxometalates, [(Mn II (H 2 O) 3 ) 2 (WO 2 ) 2 (BiW 9 O 33 ) 2 ] 10 - ( 1 ), [(Mn II (H 2 O)) 3 (SbW 9 O 33 ) 2 ] 12 - ( 2 ), and [(Mn II (H 2 O) 3 ) 2 (Mn II (H 2 O) 2 ) 2 (TeW 9 O 33 ) 2 ] 8 - ( 3 ), were synthesized and characterized by X-ray structure analyses. The us…
Abstract In this paper, a study on the batch processing and characterization of microcellular foamed high‐density polyethylene (HDPE/iPP) blends is reported. A microcellular plastic is a foamed polymer with a cell density greater than 10 9 cells/cm 3 and fully grown cells smaller than 10 µm. Recent studies have shown…
Using experimentally established sequence of extractions, we were able to fractionate regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (R-P3HT) into four fractions differing significantly in their molecular weight (Mn) and exhibiting low polydispersity coefficients. 1H NMR analysis of low molecular fractions enabled us to propose…
The behavior of chromate conversion coatings (CCCs) on the aluminum aircraft alloy AA 2024‐T3 was examined by several types of experiments, using Raman spectroscopy as a primary technique. First, Raman spectra of the CCC film made from a commercial process revealed a Raman feature characteristic of Cr(VI) which was di…
ABSTRACT Rice hulls, a waste coproduct of the rice industry, is composed of 20% silica. The objectives of this study were to develop a method to recover silica from rice hull ash and produce silica gel, and to determine the physical and chemical properties of the rice hull silica gel (RHSG) relative to Trisyl 300, a c…
The appearance of an extra arc in impedance spectra obtained on high performance solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes is recognized when experiments are conducted in a test setup where the working and reference electrodes are placed in separate atmospheres. A simple continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) model is use…