Materials Literature
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Fabric-evoked prickle is studied in a range of worsted spun single jersey knitted wool fabrics made from wools with different fiber diameter characteristics. Relative prickle sensation in these fabrics can be predicted from the density of coarse fiber ends per unit area of fabric, with the percentage of fiber ends gre…
This work deals with a mechanistic scheme for polymer oxidation, in which the unique source of radicals is the unimolecular decomposition of hydroperoxides. The corresponding kinetic scheme is resolved in the general case where no stationary state for radical concentration is postulated. The numerical results are in g…
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and tolylene diisocyanate were used to prepare two series of polyurethanes by a two-step process. In the first series, the prepolymers were chain-extended with aliphatic compounds (1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol) and in the second, an aromatic chain extender (dihyd…
A new general route toward the synthesis of diphenylglycoluril clips with two different side walls starting from the new precursor 6b and the known compound 2b is described. A variety of clips are accessible in this way, some of them containing metal binding ligand systems, viz. phenanthroline, pyridine, salophen, and…
This paper reports on the synthesis and the pyrolysis transformation of a sol–gel precursor to an oxycarbide glass with an extremely high ceramic yield (up to 97 wt%). This unusually high ceramic yield is achieved by adding a small amount of boron alkoxide to a precursor gel containing Si—H and Si—CH 3 functionalities…
Dense and thin film electrodes were prepared on yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte by vapor‐phase processes. In order to construct the electrochemical system, the YSZ film was first deposited by a chemical vapor deposition‐electrochemical vapor deposition method on porous substrate. Then the film was deposit…
Two natural diamond detectors (NDDs) operating at room temperature were used for Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS) deuterium–tritium (DT) neutron spectra measurements at different points around the tritium target and for different deuteron beam energies. Energy resolution of both NDDs were measured, with values 1.95% and…
Fast computer algorithms for calculating the reflection coefficients of inhomogeneous films are developed. The applications of such algorithms are aimed at real-time monitoring and control of the growth of gradient index optical coatings. Inhomogeneous films with a refractive index varying along the direction normal t…
A novel design for a large bending actuator is presented for the first time. It is composed of three components: an inner flexible beam or strip, a nickel - titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) contractile wire, and an outer soft plastic tube. The SMA wire is embedded between the beam and the plastic tube, and connected…
Porous GaAs layers have been produced by anodic etching of (100)-oriented crystalline substrates in a solution. Scanning electron microscope images showed the formation of submicron pores, the average dimension of the remaining GaAs walls being of about 100 nm. Raman scattering by LO-phonon - plasmon coupled modes, in…
Abstract While the colorless form of the propyl-substituted, binaphthol-condensed indolylfulgide did not emit fluorescence, its colored form, generated by the UV-light irradiation, emitted fluorescence in toluene at room temperature. Thus, a perfect on/off switching system of fluorescence controlled by the photochromi…
Local density functional (LDF) and ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations are reported for free base porphyrin, chlorin, bacteriochlorin, and isobacteriochlorin. The LDF optimized geometries provide a detailed picture of the structural effects of peripheral hydrogenation on the C α −C β and C β −C β bond distances,…
The nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains or pearlite colonies can be viewed as a structural phase transition and modeled with a set of phase-field equations. Such a micromechanical formulation is consistent with the viewpoint taken in deriving the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kologoromov (JMAK) equation and delivers…
A new program is presented for the data analysis of XAFS. Comprehensive methods are available for the analysis of disordered systems.
μ-Carbido diporphyrinates and diphthalocyaninates of general formula [{ Mp 2− } 2 (μ- C )] ( p 2− = tpp ( M = Fe ), oep ( Fe ), pc ( Fe , Ru ); H 2 tpp : 21H,23H-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphine; H 2 oep : 21H,23H-2,3,4,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylporphine; H 2 pc : 29H,31H-phthalocyanine) of formally Fe IV and Ru IV are pre…
In situ diffuse reflectance spectra of supported chromium oxide catalysts are investigated for the first time at elevated temperatures under controlled reaction conditions using a specially designed diffuse reflection attachment. The obtained results are compared and discussed with those obtained by the classical diff…
Bridged dithienylethylenes (DTEs) bearing solubilizing alkyl chains at various positions (2-5) have been synthesized by McMurry dimerization of cyclopenta[b]thiophen-6-ones. In order to introduce alkyl substituents at different positions of the DTE molecule, the precursor ketones have been prepared by different strate…
We introduce a notion of equivalence on tilings which is formulated in terms of their local structure. We compare it with the known concept of locally deriving one tiling from another and show that two tilings of finite type are topologically equivalent whenever their associated groupoids are isomorphic.
An analytic solution for the kinetics of nonlinear (upconversion) luminescence quenching in solid-state laser materials and other luminophosphors is obtained under the assumptions of hopping character of migration-assisted energy transfer and finite excitation lifetime. It is shown how the observables of the luminesce…
Soft condensed matter physics is the study of materials, such as fluids, liquid crystals, polymers, colloids and emulsions, that are “soft” to the touch. This article will review some properties, such as the dominance of entropy, that are unique to soft materials and some properties such as the interplay between broke…