Materials Literature
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The absorption and fluorescence spectra of Nd3+ in NdCl3 diluted by LaCl3 have been examined with their Zeeman effect at 4.2° and less completely also at 77°K. The empirical energy-level diagram is complete up to 28 000 cm−1 except for the location of the 2K term. Crystal Stark splittings, magnetic properties, and int…
An empirical equation relating glass temperature, molar cohesion, and polymer structure has been developed from data found in the literature. A fairly extensive list of group cohesion values has been obtained from this relationship and glass temperatures which are in good agreement with reported values have been calcu…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE VAPORIZATION BEHAVIOR AND THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY OF ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE AT HIGH TEMPERATURE1B. D. PollockCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1961, 65, 5, 731–735Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1961https://pub…
Abstract Cellulose triacetate and triethyl cellulose have been crystallized from dilute solution into regular compact lamellar crystals of microscopic size (10–20 μ) and of the same type as the single crystals previously obtained from linear synthetic polymers The shape of the cellulose acetate crystals (pyramids with…
A study has been made of the growth of barium ferrite single crystals from a sodium carbonate flux. Crystals weighing up to 5.6 gm. have been grown by cooling melts slowly from about 1250°C. The phase diagram of the system BaO‐Na 2 O‐Fe 2 O 3 has been studied in the region of the BaFe 12 O 19 composition. The effects…
In the system $$NaAlSiO_{4}-KAlSiO_{4}-SiO_{2}-H_{2}O$$ the limits of solid solution of nepheline have been determined at 775°, 703°, and 500° C. The crystallization temperatures of a number of natural nephelines have been deduced using the experimental results. The possible chemical changes in the composition of neph…
A model is considered for the case of polycrystalline ferroelectrics in which each crystallite is presumed to behave according to a free-energy function of the type formulated by A. F. Devonshire [Advances in Phys. 3, 85 (1954)] for BaTiO3. The Curie temperatures for the individual grains are taken in a Gaussian distr…
The effect of point imperfections on lattice thermal conductivity is discussed with particular attention to the case in which the temperature is low but the normal three-phonon scattering is still dominant. The experimental results of Walker and Fairbank on the conductivity of isotopic mixtures of solid helium are ana…
On the basis of dielectric studies on polycrystalline specimens, ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{4}$${\mathrm{Ti}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ has been established as a ferroelectric with a Curie temperature of 675\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The symmetry is orthorhombic with $a=5.411$ A, $c=32.83$ A, and $\frac{b}{a}=1.007$ at…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal Conductivity of Two-Phase MaterialsGeorge Tsu-Ning TsaoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1961, 53, 5, 395–397Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50617a031https://doi…
Infrared absorption spectra have been obtained on the alkali nitrates, the divalent metal carbonates, and the rare earth borates which assume the aragonite, calcite, or vaterite crystal structures. It was observed that similar structures give rise to analogous spectra except for the carbonate and borates having the va…
Abstract A comparison has been made between the infrared spectra of native cellulose and those of various closely related materials differing in each instance from cellulose I in one salient feature. These materials have been compared individually with groups of others, each differing from cellulose in a further salie…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA NEW PHOTOCHEMICAL PRIMARY PROCESS, THE PHOTOCHEMICAL ENOLIZATION OF o-SUBSTITUTED BENZOPHENONESN. C. Yang and Carlos RivasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 9, 2213Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May…
A previously reported theory for the Mullins softening effect has been used to interpret various new data for the behavior of filled SBR rubber under tensile load. The strength of the filler–rubber bond, the filler surface area per polymer molecule attachment, and the average filler surface separation have been determ…
Abstract The physical phenomena now widely known as the “Mullins effect” was apparently first studied in detail by Holt in about 1930. He showed that if a vulcanized rubber which contains carbon black is stretched to a relative elongation α m =L/L 0 and released, it will not follow the same stress-strain curve when it…
Thermogravimetric data are generally more extensive than are comparable isothermal aging data, and therefore afford preliminary kinetic information in greater abundance. The kinetic analysis of the thermogram, by use of either its exact equation or a more convenient approximation formula, is straightforward in cases o…
THE previous articles in this series, concerning the titanium, magnesium and aluminium alloys, followed a very similar form, in that in each case consideration of the aircraft engineering applications was preceded by a metallurgical appreciation of the alloy systems under review. In the case of steels, a comprehensive…
With the passage of several years a small fixation of Sr90 was found to exist in a nonexchsngeable form in soils. This fixation probably tskes place, in part, by incorporation in CaCO3 crystals when soils contain this material. In all soils studied, fixation appears to be caused by entry of the Sr90 into such solid ph…
Verlauf der Liquiduslinie von 44 bis 62% CaO im Zustandsdiagramm Kalk-Phosphorsäure. Thermische Analyse. Sättigungsschmelzen. Untersuchungen im Erhitzungsmikroskop. Röntgenpulveraufnahmen bei Temperaturen bis zu 1500°C. Die Umwandlungen der Verbindung Trikalziumphosphat.
The appearance of 'zig-zag' dislocation lines during the decomposition of crystals of lead iodide in the electron microscope can be explained by the climb of existing dislocations into a flattened helical form. The simple zig-zags are often distorted into cusped and looped forms and it is shown how these distortions m…