Materials Literature
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Abstract The influence of temperature and type of initiator on the grafting efficiency of maleic anhydride onto isotactic poly(propylene) powder under solid‐state reaction conditions was investigated. The level of bonded maleic anhydride was found to be about 20% higher using aliphatic peroxide, such as lauroyl peroxi…
This paper presents the results of a study investigating the energy performance of three newly developed prototype electrochromic devices. The DOE-2.1 E energy simulation program was used to analyze the annual cooling, lighting, and total electric energy use and peak demand as a function of window type and size. The a…
Based on recent experimental results, a molecular model of the ferroelectric ordering in the induced smectic-${C}^{*}$ phase is proposed in terms of a coupling between dipole and quadrupole ordering of chiral molecules. The analysis of the correlations between the value and sign of the spontaneous polarization and the…
Relationships between abiotic oxidation and adsorption of phenolic acids added to soils and soil chemical properties were investigated by using 32 soil samples and ferulic, vanillic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids. Soil properties studied were as follows: (as adsorption factors) contents of acid oxalate extractable Al (Al…
Wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on polymer melts of isotactic and syndiotactic polypropylene (IPP and SPP), poly(ethylenepropylene) (PEP), polystyrene (PS), polyisobutylene (PIB), and polyethylene (PE), to study the dependence of the short-range structure of polymer liquids on chain architectu…
Other| December 01, 1996 Displacive phase transition in anorthoclase; the “plateau effect” and the effect of T1-T2 ordering on the transition temperature Stuart A. Hayward; Stuart A. Hayward University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: GSW G…
A mean-field theory of inhomogeneous polymer systems is developed in order to include the finite molecular weight effects. A general analytical expression for the conformational free energy providing a bridge between strong and weak segregation limits is derived. The general results are further employed to obtain the…
Templates for the arrangement of guest molecules—that is the role played by microporous crystalline SiO2 modifications in the insertion compounds presented. The electronic interactions between the guest species can be controlled by the dimensionalities of the void systems. When iodine is the guest component, this is d…
A high damping capacity is considered as one of the important functional properties of shape memory alloys. Those properties are related to a thermoelastic martensitic transformation. As a consequence of this transformation, the internal friction or damping can be investigated for three different states : 1. during th…
Abstract Ce/Al- and La/Al-pillared smectites were prepared by cation exchange of bentonite, saponite and laponite with hydrothermally treated (130–160 °C for 16–136 h) solutions containing mixtures of aluminumchlorohydrate (ACH) and Ce 3+ -/and La 3+ -salts. After calcination at 500 °C, the pillared products are chara…
The synthesis of some water-insoluble synthetic polyelectrolyte complexes formed between a weak polyanion and a strong polycation was followed. Sodium salts of poly(acrylic acid) and of some copolymers of acrylic acid with itaconic acid or maleic acid were used as anionic polymers. Cationic polyelectrolytes with quate…
We study the phenomena associated with the low-velocity impact of two solid discs of equal size using a cell model of brittle solids. The fragment ejection exhibits a jet-like structure the direction of which depends on the impact parameter. We obtain the velocity and the mass distribution of the debris. Varying the r…
This paper deals with optimization of a class of linear dynamic systems with n states and m control inputs, commanded to move between two fixed states in a prescribed final time. This problem is solved conventionally using Lagrange’s multipliers and it is well known that the optimal solution satisfies 2n first-order l…
Abstract The fracture response of injection molded short glass fiber (GF) reinforced and rubber‐toughened poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) composites has been characterized by the fracture toughness (K c ) and energy (G c ), measured on static‐loaded compact tension (CT) specimens. The related failure of the composi…
Abstract This report describes the synthesis of a water soluble polyaniline through a biochemical synthetic route. The oxidative free radical coupling mechanism for the synthesis of poly( p ‐aminobenzoic acid) is catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The resulting polymer is electro…
Abstract : A set of partial differential equations describing time-dependent heat and mass transfer through porous hygroscopic materials was developed which includes factors such as the swelling of the solid due to water inhibition, and the heat of sorption evolved when the water is absorbed by the polymeric matrix. A…
End-grafted polymer brush exposed to strong shear solvent flow is studied. Under strong enough shear flow, the shear force is nonlinear with the blob size depending on the shear force and not on the monomer volume fraction $\ensuremath{\varphi}$. We derive the crossover force scale separating the weak and strong shear…
We present a recently developed nonlinear model based on the constitutive undercooling mechanism to explain oscillatory zoning in plagioclase. It uses diffusion-controlled growth kinetics coupled with a nonlinear partition relation. Regular oscillatory zoning, period doubling sequence and chaotic zoning are possible f…
Abstract The properties of new fluorescent dyes (derivatives of unsaturated 1,8-naphthalimide) are stud-ied. Spectral characteristics of the dyes are recorded in both isotropic (ethanol, dioxane) and anisotropic (nematogenic liquid crystal mixture ZLI 1840) media. The optical, electro-optical, and thermodynamical prop…
Abstract The preparation and characterization of Ti-pillared acid-activated clays (designated Ti PAACs) and conventional Ti-pillared clays (designated Ti PILCs) are described. Preliminary catalytic results show that these materials possess remarkably enhanced abilities to catalyse the dehydration of pentanol compared…