Materials Literature
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An algorithm is presented for computationally drafting patterns from three-dimen sional data, in which the fabric is everywhere in contact with the underlying surface. The algorithm is based on an earlier theoretical framework, which models draping a garment as a two-step process. In this part, a functional relationsh…
Composites containing 30 vol%β‐Si 3 N 4 whiskers in a Si 3 N 4 matrix were fabricated by hot‐pressing. The composites exhibited fracture toughness values between 7.6 and 8.6 MPa · m 1/2 , compared to 4.0 MPa · m 1/2 for unreinforced polycrystalline Si 3 N 4 . The improvements in fracture toughness were attributed to c…
The dielectric peaks observed at the phase transition between an incommensurate- and a commensurate-ferroelectric phase have usually been explained in terms of a soliton-regime model of the incommensurate phase. However, in the case of [N(${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}$${)}_{4}$${]}_{2}$X${\mathrm{Cl}}_{4}$ (X=Co, Zn), recent obs…
Side-chain liquid crystal polyacrylates and polysiloxanes containing different photochromic spironaphthoxazine side groups were synthesized. Thermodynamic, spectral and kinetic properties of the polymers were investigated. The structure of the mesophase is discussed.
This volume gathers the contributions of six world experts to a course on combustion modelling. Therefore, a pedagogical effort has been made in writing up these texts, which cover state of the art advances in most aspects of combustion science. The book is aimed at students, researches and engineers, as was the cours…
Abstract An isoporphyrin prepared by the action of dibenzoyl peroxide on 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinatozinc(II) (ZnTPP) shows absorption bands in the near-infrared region, is photolyzed to afford ZnTPP, and is facilely reduced by amines to ZnTPP.
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A phenomenological free‐energy function including the effects of elastic boundary conditions was presented and used to investigate the single‐domain, single‐crystal properties of the ferroelectric perovskite, PbTiO 3 . In particular, the effects of tensile and compressive hydrostatic stress on the spontaneous polariza…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe quinone diimine part of polyaniline is electrochemically inactive in nonaqueous electrolyteF. Ueda, K. Mukai, I. Harada, T. Nakajima, and T. KawagoeCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 23, 4925–4928Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published onl…
Abstract Monodisperse methyl methacrylate grafted latex rubber ( MMA ‐ g ) particles (0.12‐0.13 µm) have been used for the impact toughening of a series of styrene‐acrylonitrile ( SAN ) copolymers of varied AN content. It was found that the MMA ‐ g particles are most effective in toughening SANs containing about 25 to…
We formulate a computationally simple model for crystal growth, employing a lattice of coupled maps. This model allows us to study kinetic roughening and its effect on the surface tension. We demonstrate that the cusp in the Wulff plot, which via the usual construction gives rise to faceted crystals, disappears at suf…
The core structure of ⅓〈1 123〉 dislocations on {1011} planes in h.c.p. crystals has been studied by computer simulation using a truncated Lennard-Jones potential. An edge dislocation and a mixed dislocation parallel to the [2113] direction (30°dislocation) extend over the (1011) plane. A mixed dislocation parallel to…
ZrO 2 /Al 2 O 3 composites with from 0% to 100% Al 2 O 3 content were diffusion bonded at 12.5 MPa for 30 min in the temperature range 1450° to 1500°C. Under appropriate bonding conditions, a bonding strength greater than 1000 MPa was achievable between dissimilar materials with different thermal expansion coefficient…
Abstract The aim of this study is the synthesis and characterization of polymer composites in which microscopic metal or metal oxide particles are incorporated by thermal or photolytic decomposition in solid solutions of organometallic complexes in polymers. In contrast to conventional composites or filled polymer com…
Abstract Experimental support was obtained for a quantitative ion‐exchange model based on the principle of hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) applied to monovalent cation exchange on clay minerals, oxides, and exchange resins. According to the model, the thermodynamic exchange constant ( K ex ) can be obtained from…
Organically modified ceramics (ORMOCERs) have been prepared with respect to optical applications. The investigations show that materials can be synthesized with interesting properties for a variety of potential applications. They can be used as hard coatings for the protection of optical polymers, e.g. CR 39 or fluore…
Abstract Polyphosphate esters were synthesized from phenolphthalein and aryl phosphorodichloridates by interfacial polycondensation using a phase transfer catalyst. The polymers were characterized by IR, 1 H‐, 13 C‐, and 31 P‐NMR spectroscopy. The molecular weights were calculated by end group analysis using 31 P‐NMR…
Abstract The structure of an interface that develops from laminating polypropylene/polyethylene (PP/PE) by hot compression‐molding was analyzed by optical and electron microscopy. The interface strength was measured by means of a butt‐joint specimen. For the laminate formed by isothermal crystallization above the PE m…
Abstract A series of fluorine‐containing homopolycarbonate and copolycarbonates with a wide range of unit ratio were synthesized by the two‐phase phase‐transfer‐catalyzed plycondensation of 2,2‐bis (4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoropropane (Bisphenol AF) and/or 2,2‐bis (4‐hydroxy‐phenyl) propane (Bisphenol A) wi…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural and spectral consequences of ion pairing. 4. Theoretical study of alkali metal tetrafluoroborates (M+BF4-; M = lithium, sodium, potassium, and rubidium)Joseph S. Francisco and Ian H. WilliamsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 23, 8522–8529Publication Date (Print)…