Materials Literature
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We have studied the evolution of anisotropic epitaxial strains in ⟨110⟩-oriented (Ba0.60Sr0.40)TiO3 paraelectric (m3m) thin films grown on orthorhombic (mm2) ⟨100⟩-oriented NdGaO3 by high-resolution x-ray diffractometry. All the six independent components of the three-dimensional strain tensor were measured in films w…
Bulk protein crystallization, unlike small molecule crystallization, has found very limited use in biopharmaceutical manufacture. Most work in this area targets obtaining single large crystals for molecular structure determination by crystallography. Design and optimization of bulk crystallization for protein recovery…
Abstract Mineral scale formation and deposition on downhole and surface equipment is a major source of cost and reduced production to the oil industry. This paper describes a novel semi-quantitative kinetic approach to predicting the location of barium sulfate formation and deposition. The key conclusions of this work…
Abstract In many production fluids encountered in the oil and gas industry, the formation of mineral scales such as BaSO4 and CaCO3 causes major problems with respect to flow assurance. It has recently become apparent that in order to fully understand a scaling system both an appreciation of the bulk precipitation and…
Monte Carlo simulations of the vacancy and phosphorus (P) atom diffusion in body centred cubic (bcc) iron are presented. The input parameters for the calculations, namely the activation energies of atomic jumps, have been obtained using a potential set developed recently for a dilute Fe–P alloy using ab initio data. T…
Abstract Transportation of hydrocarbons and water in long subsea flowlines from satellite fields to a platform or to shore results in new challenges to control hydrates, corrosion and scale. As the fluids cool down, water will condense and gas hydrates will form unless an inhibitor such as mono ethylene glycol (MEG) i…
We study theoretically the lamellar-disorder-lamellar phase transitions of AB diblock and tetrablock copolymers confined in symmetric slitlike pores where the planar surface discriminatingly adsorbs A segments but repels B segments, mimicking the hydrophobic/hydrophilic effects that have been recently utilized for the…
Homogeneous and transparent sodium aluminum fluoride phosphate gels and glasses were prepared by a novel single-step sol−gel route using aqueous solutions of di-sodium fluorophosphate (Na 2 PO 3 F) and aluminum lactate (Al(lact) 3 ) as precursors. The structural evolution from the solution to the gel and the final gla…
The basic physical mechanisms by which different kinds of ionizing radiation interact with matter are described. Understanding of these processes, coupled with detailed knowledge of atomic structure, provides much of the foundation for the theory and practice of radiological health protection today.
Abstract Scale deposition is often controlled using chemical scale inhibitors. However, for high scale severity, sulphate reduction in the injected seawater may provide a more attractive economic solution to the problem. This study uses data based on Marlim Leste (Campos Basin, offshore Brazil) reservoir brine composi…
Wie Zeolithe zeigt auch K6Sn[Zn4Sn4S17] (siehe Struktur) Ionenaustauscheigenschaften und bildet in Gegenwart von Cs+- oder Rb+-Ionen CsK5Sn[Zn4Sn4S17] bzw. RbK5Sn[Zn4Sn4S17]. Die bemerkenswert stabilen offenen Gerüste dieser Verbindungen bestehen aus über Sn4+-Zentren verknüpften [Zn4Sn4S17]10−-Clustern. Ein Fünftel d…
We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotubes when a current is injected into the tubes using a scanning tunneling microscope. We show that a shuttle-like electromechanical instability can occur if the bias voltage exceeds a dissipation-dependent threshold value.…
Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) films fabricated by chemical bath deposition are characterized using scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The impact of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) upon the morphology and luminescence characteristics of ZnO:Al layers is studied in an annealing temp…
Metallooctaphyrin complexes: Dimetalation of perfluorinated [36]octaphyrin with copper(II) results in the hydrolytic ring opening of one of the pyrrole rings (see structure), whereas with silver ions perfluorinated [36]octaphyrin and meso-pentafluorophenyl-substituted [36]octaphyrin gave disilver(I) complexes of [34]o…
Chemical sputtering of amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers by nitrogen molecular ions was studied as a function of the ion energy in the range from 30to900eV. The sputtering yield shows only a very weak variation with energy in the range from 900 down to 50eV. For lower energies it decreases significantly. This behav…
We present in this report a new type of particles with micrometer-order sizes, which we called giant graphitic balls (GG balls). The GG balls are produced by CO2 laser ablation of graphite together with single-wall carbon nanohorns. They have graphitic structures whose layers tend to align parallel with the GG-ball su…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Forthcoming on-highway 2005/2007 European and North American emission regulations will require modern diesel engines to be equipped with Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) capable of trapping up to 99% of the exhaust particulate matter. Since diesel particulates (soot) accumulate in…
Bioactivity of biomaterials was a new requirement, especially in tissue engineering and drug delivery. As a traditional used biomaterial, polylactide (PLA) had no bioactivity, of course, and it still had few reactive groups to introduce some bioactive molecules in its bulk. Here, we want to introduce carboxyl groups a…
Many solid-state reactions and phase transformations performed under isothermal conditions give rise to asymmetric, sigmoidally shaped conversion-time (x-t) profiles. The mathematical treatment of such curves, as well as their physical interpretation, is often challenging. In this work, the functional form of a Maxwel…
Crystalline 4.6 nm HgTe quantum dots, stabilized by 1-thioglycerol ligands, were synthesized by wet chemical methods. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the dots, both in solution and as solid arrays, exhibited near-infrared emission. Light-emitting devices were fabricated by deposition of quantum dot layer…