Materials Literature
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We present the results of dealloying studies of and alloys in 0.1 M with the addition of either 0.1 M KCl, 0.1 M KBr, or 0.1 M KI. The critical overpotential decreases with the addition of halides with KI having the largest potential reduction of almost 50%. This decrease is discussed with respect to a competition bet…
The adaptive thermal comfort model links indoor comfort temperatures to prevailing weather outdoors, shifting them higher in warm weather and lower in cool weather. Adaptive comfort engineering standards hold the potential to conserve energy, but for them to work effectively it is essential that building occupants are…
An in-situ transmission electron microscopy straining technique has been used to investigate the dynamics of dislocation-defect interactions in ion-irradiated copper and the subsequent formation of defect-free channels. Defect removal frequently required interaction with multiple dislocations, although screw dislocati…
Biomineralization describes the deposition of mineral within or outside the cells of living organisms. Examples include iron and gold deposits in bacteria and other unicellular organisms, silicates in algae and diatoms, carbonates in diatoms and nonvertebrates, and calcium phosphates and carbonates in vertebrates. The…
In this paper we present a set of simple analytical solutions for the parallel and the serial contributions of space charge zones to the overall conduction in bicrystals and (brick layered) ceramics for a variety of situations. The different situations are characterized by signs of the space charge potential, by diffe…
We present ab initio and self‐consistent tight‐binding calculations on the band structure of single wall semiconducting carbon nanotubes with high degrees (up to 25 %) of boron substitution. Besides a lowering of the Fermi energy into the valence band, a regular, periodic distribution of the p‐dopants leads to the for…
We study numerical methods for dissipative particle dynamics, a system of stochastic differential equations for simulating particles interacting pairwise according to a soft potential at constant temperature where the total momentum is conserved. We introduce splitting methods and examine the behavior of these methods…
We present a new synthesis route for nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (CNx) based on the aerosol method. Tubes with a record high concentration of nitrogen (approximately 20 atom%) have been synthesized, confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). A strong correlation between the N/C ratio and morphology of…
An empirical interaction potential has been developed primarily to simulate displacement cascades in a UO2 matrix. After a bibliographical survey revealed that the potentials discussed in the literature are not entirely suitable for describing point defects and their migration, we decided to adapt the most representat…
Shell cross-linked nanoparticles (SCKs) constitute a unique class of materials with amphiphilic core-shell morphology; SCKs are characterised by their structural integrity and available functionality to attach receptor-recognising or receptor-specific ligands on the shell surface and, therefore, hold great potential i…
Phthalocyanines exhibit a number of unique properties that make them of great interest in different scientific and technological areas. One of the most promising fields is the use of metallo phthalocyanine derivatives as photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). Using PDT against cancer involves the irradiation…
Biological selection using the M13 bacteriophage was used to isolate peptide–phage fusions capable of specific recognition and nucleation of zinc sulfide (ZnS) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocrystals. Advanced analytical electron microscopy data revealed that the phage constructs were found to control both crystal size…
Hydrated boehmite with nano-sized crystallites AlO(OH)·0.8H2O are obtained through a very reproducible sol–gel procedure and characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, in-situ IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, BET surface area and photoelectron spectroscopy. The unit cell parameters, obtained after deleting the fi…
Hydrogen trapping and de-trapping behavior was investigated for steels with and without V. The de-trapping of hydrogen is very slow while the trapping presumably proceeds rapidly for steels containing VC precipitates. The activation energy for de-trapping is in the range of 33 to 35 kJ/mol. The trapped-hydrogen conten…
A synthetic site-directed mutagenesis study of the non post-translationally modified silica precipitating R5 peptide reveals that the RRIL motif is critical in the formation of active silica precipitating assemblies.
Dynamic grain evolution of a magnesium alloy AZ31 was studied in compression at 673 K (0:73T m ) by optical and SEM/OIM microscopy.The flow curve shows rapid hardening accompanied by a stress peak at a relatively low strain (" p ¼ 0:12), followed by strain softening and then a steady state flow stress at high strains.…
Biologically mineralized tissues are well recognized for their unusual crystal morphologies and hierarchically organized composite structures. The soluble acidic macromolecules associated with biominerals are thought to play an important role in modulating the mineral morphology. Our in vitro studies, which use acidic…
Because chemical compositions in thermodynamic equilibrium for various fuel gases are specified by the ratios among carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, carbon-hydrogen-oxygen (C-H-O) ternary diagrams are useful to present relevant operational conditions of fuel cells. Such C-H-O ternary diagrams are constructed, describing…
It is now over 100 years since the first report of peptide synthesis by Emil Fischer in 1899. Houben-Weyl Synthesis of Peptides and Peptidomimetics, published in the English language, will reflect the current changes of this important discipline, which is at the center of modern chemistry and biology. The four-volume…
Porous micron-sized particles of silica, calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate are prepared with complex morphologies by template-directed synthesis employing intact pollen grains; the materials adsorb and release drug molecules and can be functionalized with metallic or magnetic nanoparticles.