Materials Literature
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A novel and general approach to prepare polyolefin-clay hybrids by using the maleic anhydride modified polyolefins and organophilic clay during melt-blending was reported. The silicate layers of the clay were exfoliated and homogeneously dispersed at the monolayers in the hybrids. The hybrids exhibited remarkable rein…
The previously unknown titanium(IV)-containing mu-hydroxo dimeric heteropolytungstate (Bu4N)7[(PTiW11O39)2-OH] (TBA salt of H1) has been synthesized, starting from H5PTiW11O40, and characterized by elemental analysis, multinuclear (31P, 17O, 183W) NMR, IR, FAB-MS, cyclic voltammetry, and potentiometric titration. 31P…
We derive a mesoscopic modeling and simulation technique that is very close to the technique known as dissipative particle dynamics. The model is derived from molecular dynamics by means of a systematic coarse-graining procedure. This procedure links the forces between the dissipative particles to a hydrodynamic descr…
Highly ordered, near-single-crystal lamellar films of a triblock copolymer (polystyrene−polybutadiene−polystyrene, PS/PB/PS) were used to study the deformation mechanism of a structure of alternating glassy−rubbery layers, at different orientations of the deformation axis relative to the layer normal. Synchrotron radi…
Perlucin isolated from abalone nacre consists of 155 amino acids including a glycosylated asparagine. The sequence of the first 130 amino acids shows a high similarity to the C-type carbohydrate-recognition domains of asialoglycoprotein receptors and other members of the group of C-type lectins but also a weaker simil…
We derive a formula, useful for first-principles calculations, which relates the free energy of an oxide/metal interface to the free energies of surfaces and the work of separation of the interface. We distinguish the latter mechanical quantity from the thermodynamic work of adhesion, and we describe explicitly how bo…
BACKGROUND: Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that deproteinized cancellous bovine bone is osteoconductive and may be osteopromotive. Previous studies using commercial preparations failed to demonstrate the presence of protein, implicating bone-mineral composition and 3-dimensional structure as reasons for cli…
Indexing of a powder diffraction pattern is still a critical point in procedures aiming at solving crystal structures from powder data. New code has been associated to the program TREOR 90 in order to define an efficient peak search procedure, to modify the crystallographic decisions coded into TREOR 90 to make it mor…
We investigated surface selection and adhesion of motile zoospores of a green, macrofouling alga (Enteromorpha) to self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) having a range of wettabilities. The SAMs were formed from alkyl thiols terminated with methyl (CH(3)) or hydroxyl (OH) groups or mixtures of CH(3)- and OH-terminated alky…
${\mathrm{CaTiO}}_{3}$ has a static dielectric constant that extrapolates to a value greater than 300 at zero temperature. We investigate the origin of this large dielectric response on a microscopic level, using first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory calculations. The electronic dielect…
Suspensions of magnetic particles with diameters in the nanometer range exhibit longterm sedimentation stability as well as the possibility of magnetic field induced control of their properties and flow. One of the most famous field induced effects is the change of viscosity of the fluids due to the action of magnetic…
A series of low and constant viscosity elastic liquids are constructed and are studied rheologically. Steady shear viscosity and normal stresses, dynamic properties, and an apparent extensional viscosity are measured using well-established techniques. The rheological characteristics of the solution are used to help ex…
Costly deterioration of many roads and highways paved with asphalt generates a growing interest in polymer modified asphalts (PMA). Although asphalt represents only a fraction of asphalt paving mix, it is believed that it has a significant effect on the thermomechanical properties of asphalt pavements. Currently there…
A numerical model of the front of a planar crack propagating between two connected elastic plates is investigated. The plates are modeled as square lattices of elastic beams. The plates are connected by similar but breakable beams with a randomly varying stiffness. The crack is driven by pulling both plates at one end…
Modeling structural and mechanical properties of intermetallic compounds and alloys requires detailed knowledge of their interatomic interactions. The first two papers of this series [Phys. Rev. B $56,$ 7905 (1997); $58,$ 8967 (1998)] derived first-principles interatomic potentials for transition-metal (TM) aluminides…
Hen egg-white lysozyme has been crystallized at slightly alkaline pH using 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) as the precipitant. The crystals are nearly isomorphous to crystals grown at acidic pH using sodium chloride as the precipitant. However, the growth kinetics differ markedly between the two conditions. The major r…
This work attempts to determine how percolation at an equilibrium state is correlated to percolation under experimental conditions. The dynamic process of forming conductive networks in carbon-black (CB)-filled poly(methyl methacrylate) composites was investigated by real-time tracing the time dependence of electrical…
Avian integument is thin, elastic, and loosely attached to the body, giving birds the freedom of movement needed for flight. Its epidermis is both keratinized and lipogenic, and the skin as a whole acts as a sebaceous secretory organ. The skin is covered by feathers over most of the body, but many birds show colored b…